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Shloka 3

Sañjaya’s Knowledge of Keśava and the Discipline of Indriya-nigraha (संजयस्य केशवज्ञानम्—इन्द्रियनिग्रह-उपदेशः)

सापद्ववं कौरवेषु पाण्डवानां सुसम्मतम्‌ । सारासारबल ज्ञातुं तेज:पुञज्जावभासितम्‌

sāpadvavaṁ kauraveṣu pāṇḍavānāṁ susammatam | sārāsārabala jñātuṁ tejaḥpuñjāvabhāsitam ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—കൗരവരുടെ ഇടയിൽ പാണ്ഡവരുടെ നിലപാട് നന്നായി അംഗീകരിക്കപ്പെട്ടും ദൃഢമായി സ്ഥാപിതവുമായിരുന്നു. സാരവും അസാരവും—യഥാർത്ഥ ബലം ഏത്, പൊള്ളയായത് ഏത്—ഇത് തിരിച്ചറിയാൻ തേജസ്സിന്റെ ഒരു ദീപ്തപുഞ്ചം പ്രത്യക്ഷപ്പെട്ടു ജ്വലിച്ചു.

साshe/that (woman)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अपद्ववम्a calamity/misfortune (lit. 'ill-omened event')
अपद्ववम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपद्वव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कौरवेषुamong the Kauravas
कौरवेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सुसम्मतम्well-approved; fully agreed upon
सुसम्मतम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुसम्मत
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सारthe essence
सार:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
असारthe non-essence; what is worthless
असार:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअसार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बलstrength
बल:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञातुम्to know; to ascertain
ज्ञातुम्:
Prayojana
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormInfinitive
तेजःsplendor; brilliance
तेजः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पुञ्जa mass; heap; collection
पुञ्ज:
Visheshya
TypeNoun
Rootपुञ्ज
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अवभासितम्illuminated; made manifest
अवभासितम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootअव-भास्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kauravas
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights discernment (viveka) in assessing power: true strength is not merely numerical or outward show, but the ‘essence’ (sāra) that stands the test of dharma and resolve; hollow strength (asāra) is exposed when confronted by genuine tejas.

Sañjaya reports a moment in the Udyoga Parva where the Pāṇḍavas’ stance is seen as sound and accepted, and a striking manifestation of brilliance (‘a mass of splendour’) appears—suggesting the emergence or presence of a formidable, clarifying power that reveals the real balance of strength between the sides.