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Shloka 21

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

यस्त्वेते भ्य: प्रभवेद्‌ द्वादशभ्य: सर्वामपीमां पृथिवीं स शिष्यात्‌ । त्रिभिद्वाभ्यामेकतो वार्थितो य- स्तस्य स्वमस्तीति स वेदितव्य:,जो इन बारह व्रतों (गुणों)-पर अपना प्रभुत्व रखता है, वह इस सम्पूर्ण पृथ्वीके मनुष्योंको अपने अधीन कर सकता है। इनमेंसे तीन, दो या एक गुणसे भी जो युक्त है, उसके पास सभी प्रकारका धन है, ऐसा समझना चाहिये

yaḥ tv ete bhyaḥ prabhaved dvādaśabhyaḥ sarvām apīmāṃ pṛthivīṃ sa śiṣyāt | tribhir dvābhyām ekato vārthito yaḥ tasya svam astīti sa veditavyaḥ ||

സനത്സുജാതൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഈ പന്ത്രണ്ടു വ്രതങ്ങളിൽ (ഗുണങ്ങളിൽ) പ്രഭുത്വം നേടുന്നവൻ ഈ മുഴുവൻ ഭൂമിയെയും ശാസനത്തിലാക്കാൻ കഴിയും. ഇവയിൽ മൂന്ന്, രണ്ട്, അല്ലെങ്കിൽ ഒറ്റ ഗുണമെങ്കിലും ഉള്ളവൻ—ഉപദേശം തേടപ്പെടുമ്പോൾ—സ്വന്തമായ യഥാർത്ഥ സമ്പത്ത് അവനുണ്ടെന്ന് അറിയണം.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एतेभ्यःfrom these
एतेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Plural
प्रभवेत्should be capable/should prevail
प्रभवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + भू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्वादशभ्यःfrom the twelve
द्वादशभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNumeral (Adjective)
Rootद्वादशन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Plural
सर्वाम्entire
सर्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पृथिवीम्earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिष्यात्should rule/should govern
शिष्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootशास्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिभिःby/with three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral (Noun/Adjective)
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
द्वाभ्याम्by/with two
द्वाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNumeral (Noun/Adjective)
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Dual
एकतःwith one / singly
एकतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएक
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अर्थितःendowed/possessed (lit. sought/desired)
अर्थितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective (Past participle)
Rootअर्थित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
स्वम्one's own (wealth/property)
स्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus/that
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदितव्यःis to be known/should be understood
वेदितव्यः:
TypeAdjective (Gerundive)
Rootविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
P
pṛthivī (the earth)

Educational Q&A

True sovereignty begins with self-mastery: one who governs the set of twelve virtues can govern others; even partial possession of these virtues is itself real wealth and makes a person worthy of being consulted.

In the Udyoga Parva dialogue, Sanatsujāta instructs the king on ethical discipline and inner excellence, presenting virtue as the foundation of authority and prosperity rather than mere external power.