Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

क्रोध: कामो लोभमोहौ विधित्सा कृपासूये मानशोकौ स्पृहा च | ईर्ष्या जुगुप्सा च मनुष्यदोषा वर्ज्या: सदा द्वादशैते नराणाम्‌,काम, क्रोध, लोभ, मोह, चिकीर्षा, निर्दयता, असूया, अभिमान, शोक, स्पृहा, ईर्ष्या और निन्दा-मनुष्योंमें रहनेवाले ये बारह दोष मनुष्योंके लिये सदा ही त्याग देनेयोग्य हैं

krodhaḥ kāmo lobhamohau vidhitsā kṛpāsūye mānaśokau spṛhā ca | īrṣyā jugupsā ca manuṣyadoṣā varjyāḥ sadā dvādaśaite narāṇām ||

ക്രോധം, കാമം, ലോഭം, മോഹം, വിധിത്സാ (മറ്റുള്ളവരെ അധീനപ്പെടുത്താൻ/ഹാനി ചെയ്യാൻ ഉള്ള ത്വര), കരുണയില്ലായ്മ, അസൂയ, അഭിമാനം, ശോകം, സ്പൃഹ, ഈർഷ്യ, ജുഗുപ്സ (വെറുപ്പ്/നിന്ദ)—ഇവ മനുഷ്യരുടെ പന്ത്രണ്ട് ദോഷങ്ങൾ; ഇവയെ എപ്പോഴും വെടിയേണ്ടതാണ്।

क्रोधःanger
क्रोधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कामःdesire
कामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोभःgreed
लोभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोहौdelusion (dual form as in the text)
मोहौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
विधित्साdesire to act/urge to do (chikīrṣā-type)
विधित्सा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविधित्सा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कृपाpity/compassion
कृपा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृपा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
असूयेenvy/jealousy (dual form as in the text)
असूये:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसूया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Dual
मानशोकौpride and grief
मानशोकौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमान-शोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
स्पृहाlonging
स्पृहा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्पृहा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ईर्ष्याenvy
ईर्ष्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईर्ष्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जुगुप्साdisgust/condemnation
जुगुप्सा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजुगुप्सा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मनुष्यदोषाःfaults of men / human vices
मनुष्यदोषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य-दोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वर्ज्याःto be avoided
वर्ज्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ज्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नराणाम्of men
नराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta

Educational Q&A

Sanatsujāta teaches that twelve inner vices—such as anger, desire, greed, delusion, envy, pride, grief, craving, jealousy, and contempt—are perennial human defects and must be consistently renounced; ethical life begins with conquering these internal enemies.

In the Udyoga Parva’s Sanatsujāta-upākhyāna, the sage Sanatsujāta instructs a royal listener on dharma and self-mastery; here he enumerates the principal moral failings that obstruct right judgment and righteous action.