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Shloka 41

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

एक: सम्पन्नमश्नाति वस्ते वासश्न॒ शोभनम्‌ | यो5संविभज्य भृत्येभ्य: को नृशंसतरस्तत:,जो अपनेद्वारा भरण-पोषणके योग्य व्यक्तियोंको बाँटे बिना अकेले ही उत्तम भोजन करता और अच्छा वस्त्र पहनता है, उससे बढ़कर क्रूर कौन होगा?

ekaḥ sampannam aśnāti vaste vāsaś ca śobhanam | yo ’saṃvibhajya bhṛtyebhyaḥ ko nṛśaṃsataras tataḥ ||

സമ്പന്നനായിട്ടും, തനിക്കാശ്രിതരായവരുമായി പങ്കിടാതെ ഒറ്റയ്ക്ക് ഉത്തമഭക്ഷണം കഴിച്ച് മനോഹരവസ്ത്രം ധരിക്കുന്നവനേക്കാൾ ക്രൂരൻ ആരുണ്ടാകും?

एकःalone/one (person)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्पन्नम्excellent, well-prepared (food)
सम्पन्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्पन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्नातिeats
अश्नाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वस्तेwears (clothes)
वस्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
वासःgarment, clothing
वासः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवासस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शोभनम्beautiful, fine
शोभनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशोभन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असंविभज्यwithout distributing/having not shared
असंविभज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअ-सम्-वि-भज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), ल्यप्
भृत्येभ्यःto dependents/servants
भृत्येभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृशंसतरःmore cruel
नृशंसतरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंसतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Comparative
ततःthan him/than that
ततः:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
B
bhṛtya (dependents/servants)

Educational Q&A

Prosperity carries obligation: enjoying food and clothing alone while neglecting one’s dependents is portrayed as the height of cruelty. Dharma requires sharing resources with those whose livelihood rests on you.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers moral counsel (nīti) in the tense lead-up to war, warning against adharma in personal conduct and governance; here he criticizes selfish consumption and urges responsible distribution to dependents.