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Shloka 13

Udyoga Parva, Adhyaya 31 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Instructions to Sañjaya

Peace Appeal and Five-Village Proposal

परप्रयुक्त: पुरुषो विचेष्टते सूत्रप्रोता दारुमयीव योषा । इमं दृष्टवा नियमं पाण्डवस्य मन्ये परं कर्म दैवं मनुष्यात्‌,महाराज! सूतमें बँधी हुई कठपुतली जिस प्रकार दूसरोंसे प्रेरित होकर ही नृत्य करती है, उसी प्रकार मनुष्य परमात्माकी प्रेरणासे ही प्रत्येक कार्यके लिये चेष्टा करता है। पाण्डुनन्दन युधिष्ठिरके इस कष्टको देखकर मैं यह मानने लगा हूँ कि मनुष्यके पुरुषार्थकी अपेक्षा दैव (ईश्वरीय) विधान ही बलवान है

sañjaya uvāca | paraprayuktaḥ puruṣo viceṣṭate sūtraprotā dārumayīva yoṣā | imaṃ dṛṣṭvā niyamaṃ pāṇḍavasya manye paraṃ karma daivaṃ manuṣyāt, mahārāja ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—മഹാരാജാ, നൂലുകളിൽ കെട്ടിയ മരപ്പാവ മറ്റൊരാളുടെ വലിപ്പിൽ മാത്രമേ നീങ്ങിയും നൃത്തം ചെയ്‌തും കാണൂ; അതുപോലെ മനുഷ്യനും മറ്റൊരാളുടെ പ്രേരണയാൽ മാത്രമേ പ്രവർത്തനത്തിലേക്ക് നീങ്ങൂ. പാണ്ഡവനായ യുധിഷ്ഠിരനിൽ ഈ കഠിനബന്ധനം കണ്ടപ്പോൾ, മനുഷ്യപുരുഷാർത്ഥത്തേക്കാൾ ദൈവവിധാനമാണ് ശക്തമെന്ന് എനിക്ക് തോന്നുന്നു.

परby another
पर:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रयुक्तःimpelled, set in motion
प्रयुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःa man
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विचेष्टतेstrives, makes efforts
विचेष्टते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चेष्ट्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सूत्रby a string
सूत्र:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसूत्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रोताthreaded, strung
प्रोता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-वे/वा (प्रोत)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दारुमयीmade of wood
दारुमयी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुमय
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
योषाa woman (here: puppet/doll)
योषा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोषा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā)
नियमम्rule, fixed order, constraint
नियमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डवस्यof the Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira)
पाण्डवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मन्येI think, I consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
परम्supreme, greater
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मagency, action (as determining factor)
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दैवम्fate, divine ordinance
दैवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनुष्यात्than a man / from human effort
मनुष्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Mahārāja (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
P
Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira)
S
sūtraprotā dārumayī yoṣā (stringed wooden puppet)

Educational Q&A

Human beings often appear to act as if pulled by unseen strings—by divine ordinance and the momentum of past actions—so that destiny (daiva) can seem stronger than personal effort (puruṣakāra). The verse frames a tension between moral agency and providential necessity.

Sañjaya, reporting to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, reflects on the Pāṇḍava Yudhiṣṭhira’s constrained situation and suffering. Using the image of a string-controlled wooden puppet, he suggests that events are being driven by forces beyond mere human choice, implying the dominance of daiva in the unfolding crisis.