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Shloka 20

अम्बा-शाल्वसंवादः | Amba’s Appeal to Śālva and His Refusal

अपातयं शरैर्दीप्तै: प्रहसन्‌ भरतर्षभ । तेषामापततां चित्रान्‌ ध्वजान्‌ हेमपरिष्कृतान्‌,भरतश्रेष्ठ। जिस समय उन्होंने आक्रमण किया उसी समय मैंने प्रज्वलित बाणोंद्वारा हँसते-हँसते उनके स्वर्णभूषित विचित्र ध्वजोंको काट गिराया

apātayaṁ śarair dīptaiḥ prahasan bharatarṣabha | teṣām āpatatāṁ citrān dhvajān hemapariṣkṛtān ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഭരതശ്രേഷ്ഠാ! അവർ ആക്രമിച്ച് പാഞ്ഞുവന്നപ്പോൾ, ഞാൻ ചിരിച്ചുകൊണ്ടുതന്നെ ജ്വലിക്കുന്ന അമ്പുകളാൽ സ്വർണാഭരണങ്ങളാൽ അലങ്കരിച്ച വർണ്ണവൈവിധ്യമുള്ള അവരുടെ ധ്വജങ്ങളെ വെട്ടിവീഴ്ത്തി।

अपातयम्I caused to fall / I felled
अपातयम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअप-√पत् (caus.)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दीप्तैःblazing, shining
दीप्तैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदीप्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रहसन्laughing
प्रहसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√हस्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
आपतताम्of those rushing/attacking
आपतताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√पत्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural
चित्रान्variegated, splendid
चित्रान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ध्वजान्banners, standards
ध्वजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हेमपरिष्कृतान्adorned with gold
हेमपरिष्कृतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहेम + परिष्कृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bharatarṣabha (honorific addressee, likely a Bharata prince)
Ś
śara (arrows)
D
dhvaja (standards/banners)
H
hema (gold ornamentation)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds kṣatriya-dharma in practice: steadiness and confidence under attack, and the tactical targeting of enemy standards to weaken morale—showing how martial excellence and psychological strategy operate within the ethics of battlefield duty.

As the opposing side rushes to attack, Bhīṣma narrates that he, smiling/laughing in confidence, uses blazing arrows to cut down and topple their ornate, gold-adorned banners.