Shloka 1

अपन प्रात छा अ-काज जा (अम्बोपाख्यानपर्व) त्रिसप्तत्यधिकशततमो< ध्याय: अम्बोपाख्यानका आरम्भ--भीष्मजीके द्वारा काशिराजकी कन्याओंका अपहरण दुर्योधन उवाच किमर्थ भरतश्रेष्ठ नैव हनन्‍या: शिखण्डिनम्‌ । उद्यतेषुमथो दृष्टवा समरेष्वाततायिनम्‌,दुर्योधनने पूछा--भरतश्रेष्ठत जब शिखण्डी धनुष-बाण उठाये समरमें आततायीकी भाँति आपको मारने आयेगा, उस समय उसे इस रूपमें देखकर भी आप क्‍यों नहीं मारेंगे?

duryodhana uvāca | kimarthaṁ bharataśreṣṭha naiva hanyāḥ śikhaṇḍinam | udyateṣum atho dṛṣṭvā samareṣv ātatāyinam ||

ദുര്യോധനൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ ഭരതശ്രേഷ്ഠാ! ശിഖണ്ഡി ആയുധങ്ങൾ ഉയർത്തി യുദ്ധഭൂമിയിൽ ആക്രമകനായി നിന്നെ വധിക്കാനായി മുന്നേറുന്നതു കണ്ടിട്ടും, നീ അവനെ എന്തുകൊണ്ട് വധിക്കുകയില്ല?

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular
किमर्थम्for what reason? why?
किमर्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् + अर्थ
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हनिष्यसिwill you kill
हनिष्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormSimple Future (Lृट्), 2nd, Singular
शिखण्डिनम्Shikhandin
शिखण्डिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उद्यतेषुwhen (weapons) are raised
उद्यतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
समरेषुin battles
समरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
आततायिनम्an aggressor/assailant
आततायिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआततायिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
B
Bhīṣma (implied by address bharataśreṣṭha)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic conflict: battlefield duty to neutralize an aggressor versus adherence to a personal vow and ethical restraint. It points to how vows, past actions, and moral commitments can constrain even a great warrior’s choices in war.

Duryodhana challenges Bhīṣma, asking why he would refrain from killing Śikhaṇḍin even if Śikhaṇḍin advances with raised weapons like a deadly attacker. This question leads into the Amba-upākhyāna background explaining Bhīṣma’s stance toward Śikhaṇḍin.