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Shloka 10

Bhīṣma’s Appraisal of Kaurava-Aligned Mahārathas

Warrior Roster and Motivations

एवं विभज्य योधांस्तान्‌ पृथक्‌ च सह चैव ह । ज्वालावर्णो महेष्वासो द्रोणममंशमकल्पयत्‌,धष्टद्युम्नो महेष्वास: सेनापतिपतिस्तत: । इस प्रकार समस्त योद्धाओंका पृथकू-पृूथक्‌ और एक साथ विभाजन करके सेनापतियोंके प्रति प्रजजलित अग्निके समान कान्तिमान्‌ महाथनुर्थर धृष्टद्युम्नने द्रोणाचार्यको अपने हिस्सेमें रखा

evaṁ vibhajya yodhāṁs tān pṛthak ca saha caiva ha | jvālāvarṇo maheṣvāso droṇam aṁśam akalpayat, dhṛṣṭadyumno maheṣvāsaḥ senāpatipatis tataḥ |

ഇങ്ങനെ യോദ്ധാക്കളെ ചിലരെ വേർതിരിച്ചും ചിലരെ കൂട്ടങ്ങളായും വിഭജിച്ച്, ജ്വാലപോലെ ദീപ്തിമാനായ മഹാധനുര്ധരൻ ധൃഷ്ടദ്യുമ്നൻ ദ്രോണാചാര്യനെ തന്റെ ഭാഗത്തേക്ക് (എതിരിടേണ്ട പ്രതിപക്ഷമായി) നിശ്ചയിച്ചു. തുടർന്ന് ആ മഹാബലവാൻ ധൃഷ്ടദ്യുമ്നൻ തന്നെ സേനാപതിയായി യുദ്ധഭൂമിയിൽ നിലകൊണ്ടു.

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
विभज्यhaving divided
विभज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-भज्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), active
योधान्warriors
योधान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सहtogether/along with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
indeed (particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ज्वालावर्णःof flame-like color/splendor
ज्वालावर्णः:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्वालावर्ण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महेष्वासःgreat archer
महेष्वासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अम्-शम्share/portion
अम्-शम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअंश
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अकल्पयत्assigned/arranged
अकल्पयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-कल्पय्
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, active
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महेष्वासःgreat archer
महेष्वासः:
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सेनापतिपतिःchief of commanders/commander-in-chief
सेनापतिपतिः:
TypeNoun
Rootसेनापतिपति
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores accountable leadership in warfare: a commander must deliberately organize forces and personally accept the gravest challenge (here, facing Droṇa), rather than shifting the burden to others. It frames strategy as an ethical act—choosing, assigning, and owning consequences.

Sañjaya reports that Dhṛṣṭadyumna divides the warriors into separate and combined units, then designates Droṇa as the opponent allotted to his own side to confront. After these arrangements, Dhṛṣṭadyumna is established as the army’s commander-in-chief.