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Shloka 4

Pāṇḍava-senā-niryāṇa and Vyūha-vibhāga (पाण्डवसेनानिर्याण तथा व्यूहविभाग)

अवाक्‌शिरा भीमसेन: समुदैक्षत केशवम्‌ | नेत्राभ्यां लोहितान्ताभ्यामाशीविष इव श्वसन्‌,भीमसेनने फुफकारते हुए विषधर नागकी भाँति लंबी साँसें खींचते हुए सिर नीचे किये लाल नेत्रोंसे भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णकी ओर देखा

avākśirā bhīmasenaḥ samudaikṣata keśavam | netrābhyāṃ lohitāntābhyām āśīviṣa iva śvasan |

ഭീമസേനൻ തല താഴ്ത്തി കേശവനെ നോക്കി. വിഷസർപ്പത്തെപ്പോലെ ശ്വാസം കനത്തുകൊണ്ട്, കണ്ണുകളുടെ കോണുകൾ ചുവന്ന നേത്രങ്ങളാൽ അവൻ ദൃഷ്ടി പതിപ്പിച്ചു.

अवाक्शिराःwith head bent down
अवाक्शिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवाक्शिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनःBhimasena
भीमसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समुदैक्षतlooked at, beheld
समुदैक्षत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + उद् + ईक्ष्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
केशवम्Keshava (Krishna)
केशवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नेत्राभ्याम्with (his) two eyes
नेत्राभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनेत्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Dual
लोहितान्ताभ्याम्having red ends/corners (i.e., red-rimmed)
लोहितान्ताभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootलोहितान्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Dual
आशीविषःa venomous serpent
आशीविषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआशीविष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
श्वसन्breathing, hissing
श्वसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्वस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
K
Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights controlled wrath and readiness: intense emotion is present, yet it is held within discipline and directed toward rightful action under wise leadership (Keśava), a key ethical tension in the lead-up to war.

Sañjaya describes Bhīma’s physical and emotional state—head lowered, breathing like a venomous serpent, eyes red-rimmed—as he stares at Kṛṣṇa, signaling mounting anger and determination in the Udyoga Parva’s pre-battle deliberations.