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Shloka 15

Adhyāya 128 — Proposal to Restrain Keśava; Sātyaki’s Warning and Vidura–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Counsel

या हि शक्‍्या महाराज साम्ना भेदेन वा पुन: । निस्तर्तुमापद: स्वेषु दण्डं कस्तत्र पातयेत्‌,कोई भी राजा स्वजनोंमें फैलती हुई फ़ूटकी उपेक्षा कैसे कर सकता है? राजन! स्वजनोंमें फूट डालकर उनसे विलग होनेवाले आपकी सभी शत्रु हँसी उड़ायेंगे। महाराज! जिस आपत्तिको साम अथवा भेदनीतिसे पार किया जा सकता है, उसके लिये आत्मीयजनोंपर दण्डका प्रयोग कौन करेगा?

yā hi śakyā mahārāja sāmnā bhedena vā punaḥ | nistartum āpadaḥ sveṣu daṇḍaṃ kas tatra pātayet ||

വൈശമ്പായനൻ പറഞ്ഞു—മഹാരാജാവേ, സ്വന്തം ജനങ്ങളിൽ ഉണ്ടായ ആപത്ത് സാമം കൊണ്ടോ ഭേദനീതിയിലൂടെയോ കടക്കാനാകുമെങ്കിൽ, അവിടെ ശിക്ഷാദണ്ഡം ആരാണ് പ്രയോഗിക്കുക?

which
:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootyad
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
śakyāpossible, able to be done
śakyā:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootśakya
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
mahārājaO great king
mahārāja:
TypeNoun
Rootmahārāja
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
sāmnāby conciliation
sāmnā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootsāman
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
bhedenaby dissension/strategy of division
bhedena:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootbheda
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
or
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
punaḥagain/also
punaḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ
nistartumto cross over, to overcome
nistartum:
TypeVerb
Rootni√stṛ
FormInfinitive
āpadaḥcalamities/dangers
āpadaḥ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootāpada
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
sveṣuamong one’s own (people)
sveṣu:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootsva
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
daṇḍampunishment/force
daṇḍam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootdaṇḍa
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootkim
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tatrathere/in that case
tatra:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra
pātayetwould apply/inflict (lit. cause to fall)
pātayet:
TypeVerb
Root√pat
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Vidhi-liṅ

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Mahārāja (addressed king)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should prefer non-violent, policy-based remedies—conciliation (sāman) or strategic negotiation/division (bheda)—to handle troubles within one’s own people; punishment (daṇḍa) is ethically and politically inappropriate when gentler means can resolve the crisis.

Vaiśampāyana, narrating to the king, articulates a principle of statecraft: internal discord among one’s own should not be met with harsh coercion when it can be managed through diplomacy, since visible fractures among kin invite enemy ridicule and weaken the polity.