Shloka 35

तं चेन्न यजसे राजन प्राप्तस्त्वं राज्यकिल्बिषम्‌ | येषां राजाश्वमेधेन यजते दक्षिणावता

taṃ cen na yajase rājan prāptas tvaṃ rājyakilbiṣam | yeṣāṃ rājāśvamedhena yajate dakṣiṇāvatā ||

ഹേ രാജാവേ! നീ യാഗം നടത്താതിരുന്നാൽ രാജാധികാരത്തോട് ചേർന്ന പാപം നിനക്കു ലഭിക്കും. പ്രജകളുടെയും ആശ്രിതരുടെയും ഹിതത്തിനായിട്ടാണ് രാജാവ് ദക്ഷിണാസഹിത അശ്വമേധം നടത്തുന്നത്—അപ്പോൾ രാജശക്തി വെറും കൈവശംവെക്കൽ അല്ല, ധർമ്മവും ദാനവും ശുദ്ധീകരിക്കുന്ന വിശ്വാസഭാരമായി നിലകൊള്ളുന്നു.

तम्him/that (sin/offence)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यजसेyou sacrifice / you perform worship
यजसे:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Second, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्राप्तःhaving incurred/attained
प्राप्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
राज्यकिल्बिषम्the sin/offence regarding kingship (royal guilt)
राज्यकिल्बिषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्यकिल्बिष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
येषाम्of whom
येषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वमेधेनby/with the Aśvamedha (horse-sacrifice)
अश्वमेधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वमेध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यजतेsacrifices / performs sacrifice
यजते:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
दक्षिणावताwith (proper) sacrificial fees/gifts
दक्षिणावता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिणावत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
King (rājan)
A
Aśvamedha (horse sacrifice)
D
Dakṣiṇā (sacrificial gifts/fees)

Educational Q&A

Royal authority is not morally neutral: if a king enjoys sovereignty without performing the purifying and welfare-oriented duties of rule—symbolized here by yajña and generous dakṣiṇā—he incurs rājya-kilbiṣa, the ethical taint of kingship. Sacrifice functions as a public act of responsibility, redistribution, and self-restraint.

Arjuna addresses a king and warns him that neglecting the prescribed sacrificial obligation will bring the fault associated with kingship. He points to the Aśvamedha, performed with abundant gifts, as an exemplar of how kings traditionally discharge their duty toward those for whose sake they rule.