Shloka 21

यज्ञमेवोपजीवन्ति नास्ति चेष्टमराजके । देवता, मनुष्य, पितर, गन्धर्व, नाग और राक्षस--ये सबके सब यज्ञका आश्रय लेकर जीवन-निर्वाह करते हैं; परंतु जहाँ कोई राजा नहीं है, उस राज्यमें यज्ञ नहीं होता है || २० हे || इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवता: पितरस्तथा

yajñam evopajīvanti nāsti ceṣṭam arājake | ito dattena jīvanti devatāḥ pitaras tathā ||

ഐലൻ പറഞ്ഞു—“സകല ജീവികളും യജ്ഞത്തെ ആശ്രയിച്ചാണ് ഉപജീവിക്കുന്നത്; എന്നാൽ രാജാവില്ലാത്തിടത്ത് ക്രമബദ്ധമായ ശ്രമം ഇല്ല—യജ്ഞവും യഥാവിധി നടക്കുകയില്ല. ഇവിടെ അർപ്പിക്കപ്പെടുന്നതുകൊണ്ടുതന്നെ ദേവന്മാരും പിതൃകളും ജീവിതം നിലനിർത്തുന്നു.”

यज्ञम्sacrifice (yajña)
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपजीवन्तिlive by; subsist on
उपजीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-जीव्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इष्टम्sacrificial rite; offering (the desired/ordained sacrifice)
इष्टम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अराजकेin a kingless (state)
अराजके:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअराजक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
इतःfrom here/from this (source)
इतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः
दत्तेनby what is given; by gifts/offerings
दत्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदत्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
जीवन्तिlive
जीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवताःthe deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पितरःthe ancestors (pitṛs)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

ऐल उवाच

A
Aila (speaker)
Y
Yajña (sacrifice)
D
Devatāḥ (gods)
P
Pitaraḥ (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

The verse links political order to religious and ethical order: yajña (sacrificial giving) sustains gods and ancestors, but yajña requires stable governance. Without a king (arājaka), disciplined social action and ritual duty collapse, harming the reciprocal economy of giving that upholds dharma.

In Śānti Parva’s discourse on rājadharma (the duties and necessity of kingship), Aila argues that the king’s presence enables organized rites and lawful activity. He emphasizes that offerings and gifts made by humans are what sustain divine and ancestral beings, so a kingless realm undermines both worldly welfare and ritual continuity.