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Shloka 99

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

कृतस्य करणादू राजा स्वर्गमत्यन्तमश्षुते । त्रेताया: करणादू राजा स्वर्ग नात्यन्तमश्लुते,सत्ययुगकी सृष्टि करनेसे राजाको अक्षय स्वर्गकी प्राप्ति होती है। त्रेताकी सृष्टि करनेसे राजाको स्वर्ग तो मिलता है; परंतु वह अक्षय नहीं होता

kṛtasya karaṇād rājā svargam atyantam aśnute | tretāyāḥ karaṇād rājā svargaṁ nātyantam aśnute ||

കൃതയുഗത്തിന്റെ ക്രമം സ്ഥാപിച്ചാൽ രാജാവ് പരമവും അക്ഷയവുമായ സ്വർഗം പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു; എന്നാൽ ത്രേതായുഗത്തിന്റെ ക്രമം സ്ഥാപിച്ചാൽ സ്വർഗം ലഭിച്ചാലും അത് പരമ-അക്ഷയമായിരിക്കുകയില്ല।

कृतस्यof the (proper) deed / of what is done
कृतस्य:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकृत (कृ)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
करणात्from doing / by performance
करणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकरण (कृ)
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अत्यन्तम्exceedingly / completely
अत्यन्तम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यन्त
अश्नुतेattains
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (अश्नुते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
त्रेतायाःof the Tretā (age)
त्रेतायाः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेता
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
करणात्from doing / by performance
करणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकरण (कृ)
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्यन्तम्exceedingly / completely
अत्यन्तम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यन्त
अश्नुतेattains
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (अश्नुते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king)
S
svarga (heaven)
K
Kṛta/Satya-yuga
T
Tretā-yuga

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s spiritual outcome depends on the quality of the social-moral order he establishes: instituting the highest dharma (like Kṛta/Satya-yuga standards) yields an unsurpassed, enduring heavenly result, whereas instituting a lesser order (Tretā standards) yields heaven but not an imperishable or ultimate reward.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on kingship and dharma, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira that governance is not merely administrative: by shaping society toward higher or lower dharmic norms (symbolized by yugas), a king determines the magnitude and durability of his posthumous reward.