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Shloka 73

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

कि तस्य तपसा राज्ञ: कि च तस्याध्वरैरपि । सुपालितप्रजो यः: स्यात्‌ सर्वधर्मविदेव सः,“जिस राजाने अपनी प्रजाका अच्छी तरह पालन किया है, उसे तपस्यासे क्या लेना है? उसे यज्ञोंका भी अनुष्ठान करनेकी क्या आवयकता है? वह तो स्वयं ही सम्पूर्ण धर्मोंका ज्ञाता है”

kiṁ tasya tapasā rājñaḥ kiṁ ca tasyādhvarair api | supālitaprajo yaḥ syāt sarvadharmavideva saḥ ||

പ്രജയെ നന്നായി പാലിച്ചു സംരക്ഷിച്ച രാജാവിന് തപസ്സെന്തിന്? യാഗാദി അധ്വരങ്ങൾ എന്തിന്? നീതിയോടെ പ്രജാരക്ഷണം ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ തന്നെയാണ് യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ സർവ്വധർമ്മവിദ്.

किम्what (use/need)?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तस्यof him/for him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तपसाby/with austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
किम्what (use/need)?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तस्यof him/for him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अध्वरैःby/with sacrifices (yajñas)
अध्वरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सुपालितप्रजःwhose subjects are well-protected
सुपालितप्रजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुपालितप्रज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be/is (should be)
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
सर्वधर्मविद्knower of all dharmas
सर्वधर्मविद्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसर्वधर्मविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the king (rājā)
S
subjects/people (prajā)
A
austerity (tapas)
V
Vedic sacrifices (adhvara/yajña)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that a ruler’s highest religious merit lies in just protection and welfare of the people; when governance is righteous, external austerities and ritual sacrifices become secondary, because good rule itself embodies dharma.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about the duties of kings. Here he emphasizes that the practical duty of safeguarding subjects outweighs displays of asceticism or ritual performance.