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Shloka 25

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

आददीत बलिं चापि प्रजाभ्य: कुरुनन्दन । स षड्भागमपि प्राज्ञस्तासामेवाभिगुप्तये,कुरुनन्दन! बुद्धिमान्‌ नरेश प्रजाजनोंसे उन्हींकी रक्षाके लिये उनकी आयका छठा भाग करके रूपमें ग्रहण करे

ādadīta baliṃ cāpi prajābhyaḥ kurunandana | sa ṣaḍbhāgam api prājñas tāsām evābhiguptaye ||

കുരുനന്ദനാ! പ്രജകളുടെ സംരക്ഷണത്തിനായി ബുദ്ധിമാനായ രാജാവ് പ്രജകളിൽ നിന്ന് ബലി (നികുതി/കാഴ്ച) സ്വീകരിക്കാം; അവരുടെ വരുമാനത്തിന്റെ ആറിലൊന്നും അവരെ തന്നെ കാക്കുന്നതിനായിട്ടേ എടുക്കാവൂ.

आददीतshould take/collect
आददीत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दा (डादाने)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, parasmaipada
बलिम्tribute/tax
बलिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबलि
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
प्रजाभ्यःfrom the subjects
प्रजाभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
Formfeminine, ablative, plural
कुरुनन्दनO delight of the Kurus
कुरुनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु-नन्दन
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
सःhe (the king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
षड्भागम्one-sixth share
षड्भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootषड्-भाग
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
प्राज्ञःwise
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तासाम्of them (the subjects)
तासाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, genitive, plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अभिगुप्तयेfor protection/guarding
अभिगुप्तये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअभि + गुप्ति
Formfeminine, dative, singular
कुरुनन्दनO delight of the Kurus
कुरुनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु-नन्दन
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
Kurunandana (Yudhiṣṭhira)
P
prajā (subjects/people)
B
bali (tribute/tax)
ṣaḍbhāga (one-sixth share)

Educational Q&A

Royal taxation is ethically justified only as a means to protect and secure the welfare of the subjects; the king’s right to collect revenue (even the traditional one-sixth share) is tied to his duty of guardianship.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma addresses Yudhisthira and explains the principle behind collecting bali (tribute): a wise king levies revenue from the people specifically to fund their protection and good governance.