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Shloka 54

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

अभृतानां च भरणं भृतानां चान्ववेक्षणम्‌ । अर्थस्य काले दानं च व्यसने चाप्रसज्धिता

abhṛtānāṃ ca bharaṇaṃ bhṛtānāṃ cānvavekṣaṇam | arthasya kāle dānaṃ ca vyasane cāprasajdhitā

ധർമ്മനിഷ്ഠനായ ഗൃഹസ്ഥന്റെ കടമകൾ—പോഷണം ലഭിക്കാത്തവരെ പോഷിക്കുക, താൻ ഏറ്റെടുത്തവരെ പരിചരിച്ച് നോക്കുക, യുക്തമായ സമയത്ത് ധനം ദാനം ചെയ്യുക, കൂടാതെ ദുരിതകാലത്തും അചഞ്ചലനായി വ്യസനങ്ങളിൽ കുടുങ്ങാതിരിക്കുക.

अभृतानाम्of the unmaintained (dependents)
अभृतानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootअभृत (a-भृत)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भरणम्support/maintenance
भरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भृतानाम्of those maintained
भृतानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्ववेक्षणम्looking after/supervision
अन्ववेक्षणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्ववेक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अर्थस्यof wealth/resources
अर्थस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कालेat the proper time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दानम्giving/charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यसनेin calamity/misfortune
व्यसने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रसज्धिताnon-despondency/steadfastness (not being overwhelmed)
अप्रसज्धिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रसज्धिता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma defines practical dharma as responsible care: provide for those who lack support, continue attentive oversight of dependents, give wealth as charity at the proper time, and maintain steady judgment without panic or moral compromise during adversity.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma after the war, Bhishma is advising Yudhishthira on ethical governance and household conduct, listing concrete virtues that sustain social order—maintenance of dependents, vigilant care, timely generosity, and composure in crisis.