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Shloka 36

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

मन्त्रश्न वर्णित: कृत्स्नस्तथा भेदार्थ एव च | विशभ्रमश्चैव मन्त्रस्य सिद्ध्यसिद्धौश्व यत्‌ फलम्‌,सब प्रकारकी मन्त्रणा, भेदनीतिके प्रयोगके प्रयोजन, मन्त्रणामें होनेवाले भ्रम या उसके फूटनेके भय तथा मन्त्रणाकी सिद्धि और असिद्धिके फलका भी इस शास्त्रमें वर्णन है

mantraś ca varṇitaḥ kṛtsnas tathā bhedārtha eva ca | vibhramaś caiva mantrasya siddhy-asiddhau ca yat phalam |

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഈ ഗ്രന്ഥത്തിൽ മന്ത്രണം (മന്ത്ര) എന്ന ശാസ്ത്രം മുഴുവനായി വിവരിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു; ഭേദനീതിയുടെ പ്രയോഗലക്ഷ്യം, മന്ത്രണയിൽ ഉണ്ടാകുന്ന ആശയക്കുഴപ്പങ്ങളും അത് ചോർന്നുപോകുമെന്ന ഭയവും, കൂടാതെ മന്ത്രണം വിജയിക്കുകയോ പരാജയപ്പെടുകയോ ചെയ്താൽ ഉണ്ടാകുന്ന ഫലങ്ങളും പ്രതിപാദിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു।

मन्त्रशास्त्रेin the treatise on counsel/strategy
मन्त्रशास्त्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वर्णितःis described
वर्णितः:
TypeVerb
Rootवर्णित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Kta (past passive participle)
कृत्स्नःentire, complete
कृत्स्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाand also; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
भेदार्थःthe purpose of division/dissension
भेदार्थः:
TypeNoun
Rootभेदार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशभ्रमःconfusion/derangement (in counsel)
विशभ्रमः:
TypeNoun
Rootविशभ्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed; also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मन्त्रस्यof counsel/secret plan
मन्त्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सिद्धिin success
सिद्धि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्धि
FormFeminine, Locative, Dual
असिद्धिand in failure
असिद्धि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअसिद्धि
FormFeminine, Locative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्whatever; that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
फलम्result, fruit
फलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Effective governance depends on sound, confidential deliberation. The text highlights (1) the full scope of counsel, (2) the strategic use of bheda (division) when appropriate, (3) the dangers of confusion and leakage in deliberations, and (4) the concrete consequences of successful versus failed counsel—implying an ethical duty to be clear, prudent, and discreet for the welfare of the realm.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on rājadharma. Here he summarizes what this śāstra section covers: counsel and its management, the policy of bheda, the internal risks of deliberation (confusion and fear of disclosure), and the outcomes that follow depending on whether counsel is successfully executed or not.