Shloka 13
Rājā–Rāja-Śabda-Prabhavaḥ — The Origin and Rationale of Kingship and Daṇḍanīti
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच नियततस्त्वं नरव्याप्र शृणु सर्वमशेषत: । यथा राज्यं समुत्पन्नममादौ कृतयुगे5भवत्,भीष्मजीने कहा--पुरुषसिंह! आदि सत्ययुगमें जिस प्रकार राजा और राज्यकी उत्पत्ति हुई, वह सारा वृत्तान्त तुम एकाग्र होकर सुनो
Transliteration
bhīṣma uvāca niyatatastvaṃ naravyāghra śṛṇu sarvamaśeṣataḥ | yathā rājyaṃ samutpannam ādau kṛtayuge 'bhavat ||
Translation
ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ നരവ്യാഘ്രാ, സ്ഥിരചിത്തത്തോടെ ഏകാഗ്രമായി എല്ലാം പൂർണ്ണമായി കേൾക്കുക. ആദിയിൽ കൃതയുഗത്തിൽ രാജത്വവും രാജ്യവ്യവസ്ഥയും എങ്ങനെ ഉദ്ഭവിച്ചുവെന്ന് ഞാൻ വിവരിക്കാം.
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नियततःattentively, with concentration
नियततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनियत
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
नरव्याघ्रO tiger among men
नरव्याघ्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनरव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अशेषतःcompletely, without remainder
अशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअशेष
यथाhow, in what manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
राज्यम्kingship, kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समुत्पन्नम्arisen, originated
समुत्पन्नम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootसम्-उत्-पद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अमादौat the very beginning (in the earliest time)
अमादौ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअमादि
कृतयुगेin the Krita Yuga
कृतयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अभवत्was, came to be
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaY
Yudhiṣṭhira (implied addressee: naravyāghra)K
Kṛta Yuga (Satya Yuga)R
rājya (kingship/state)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes