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Shloka 36

अध्याय ५७ — राज्ञः नित्यप्रयत्नः, रक्षा-प्रधानता, तथा त्याग-नीतिः

Chapter 57: Constant Royal Vigilance, Primacy of Protection, and Principles of Dismissal

वश्या नेया विधेयाश्ष न च संघर्षशीलिन: । विषये दानरुचयो नरा यस्य स पार्थिव:,जिसके राज्यमें निवास करनेवाले लोग विधिपूर्वक सुरक्षित एवं पालित होकर अपने- अपने कर्ममें संलग्न, शरीरमें आसक्ति न रखनेवाले और जितेन्द्रिय हों, अपने वशमें रहते हों, शिक्षा देने और ग्रहण करने योग्य हों, आज्ञा पालन करते हों, कलह और विवादसे दूर रहते हों और दान देनेकी रुचि रखते हों, वह राजा श्रेष्ठ है

vaśyā neyā vidheyāś ca na ca saṅgharṣaśīlinaḥ | viṣaye dānarucayo narā yasya sa pārthivaḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ആരുടെ രാജ്യത്തിൽ ജനങ്ങൾ വശ്യമാകുകയും, മാർഗ്ഗനിർദ്ദേശം സ്വീകരിക്കാൻ യോഗ്യരാകുകയും, ആജ്ഞാപാലകരാകുകയും, കലഹപ്രവണരാകാതിരിക്കുകയും, ദാനത്തിൽ രുചിയുള്ളവരാകുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നുവോ—ആ പാർത്ഥിവൻ (രാജാവ്) ശ്രേഷ്ഠൻ।

वश्याःobedient, under control
वश्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नेयाःto be led/ guided
नेयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विधेयाःto be directed; compliant
विधेयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविधेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संघर्षशीलिनःquarrelsome; prone to conflict
संघर्षशीलिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंघर्षशीलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विषयेin the realm/territory
विषये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दानरुचयःhaving a taste for giving; fond of charity
दानरुचयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान-रुचि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
नराःmen; people
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सःhe; that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थिवःking; ruler
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
pārthiva (the king)
N
narāḥ (subjects/people)
V
viṣaya (realm/kingdom)

Educational Q&A

A king’s excellence is measured by the dharmic condition of his realm: subjects who are disciplined, teachable, obedient, non-contentious, and charitable indicate proper protection, just administration, and moral cultivation under righteous rule.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira by describing the marks of an ideal kingdom—where the populace, well-protected and well-governed, lives in duty, self-restraint, social concord, and generosity.