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Shloka 20

Kṛṣṇa’s Dhyāna and the Prompt to Question Bhīṣma (कृष्णध्यानं भीष्मप्रश्नप्रेरणा च)

तस्मिन्‌ हि पुरुषव्याप्रे कर्मभि: स्वैर्दिवं गते । भविष्यति मही पार्थ नष्टचन्द्रेव शर्वरी,पार्थ! जब पुरुषसिंह भीष्म अपने कर्मोके अनुसार स्वर्गलोकमें चले जायँगे, उस समय यह पृथ्वी अमावास्याकी रात्रिके समान श्रीहीन हो जायगी

tasmin hi puruṣavyāpre karmabhiḥ svair divaṃ gate | bhaviṣyati mahī pārtha naṣṭacandreva śarvarī ||

ഹേ പാർത്ഥ, ആ പുരുഷസിംഹനായ ഭീഷ്മൻ തന്റെ കർമ്മഫലപ്രകാരം സ്വർഗ്ഗലോകത്തിലേക്ക് പോയാൽ, ഈ ഭൂമി ചന്ദ്രനില്ലാത്ത രാത്രിപോലെ ശോഭയറ്റതാകും.

तस्मिन्in that (time/condition)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
पुरुषव्याप्रेin the foremost of men (hero)
पुरुषव्याप्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषव्याप्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कर्मभिःby (his) deeds
कर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
स्वैःby his own
स्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
दिवम्to heaven
दिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौस् (दिव)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गतेwhen (he) has gone
गते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective (Past participle)
Rootगम्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भविष्यतिwill become
भविष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular
महीthe earth
मही:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun (proper epithet)
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नष्टचन्द्राmoonless (lit. whose moon is lost)
नष्टचन्द्रा:
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्टचन्द्र
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
शर्वरीnight
शर्वरी:
TypeNoun
Rootशर्वरी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

वासुदेव उवाच

V
Vāsudeva (speaker)
P
Pārtha (Arjuna, addressee)
B
Bhīṣma (implied by context: the 'puruṣavyāpra')
D
divaṃ (heaven)
M
mahī (earth)
C
candra (moon)
Ś
śarvarī (night)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that a society’s radiance depends not only on power but on dharmic excellence: when a great, righteous figure departs according to his earned merit, the world feels diminished—like a moonless night—highlighting the ethical value of virtuous leadership and the fragility of worldly stability.

Vāsudeva addresses Arjuna (Pārtha), foretelling that when the great hero (understood in context as Bhīṣma) departs to heaven due to his own karmic merit, the earth will seem stripped of splendor, emphasizing the magnitude of Bhīṣma’s presence and the impending sense of loss.