Shloka 29

महापुरुषसंज्ञां स लभते स्वेन कर्मणा । तस्मात्‌ प्रसूतमव्यक्तं प्रधानं तं॑ विदुर्बुधा:,“कल्पके आदिदमें जैसा वृत्तान्त घटित हुआ था और जिसे मैंने ज्ञानदृष्टिसे देखा था, वह सब बता रहा हूँ। सांख्य और योगके विद्वान जिन्हें परमात्मा कहते हैं, वे ही अपने कर्मके प्रभावसे महापुरुष नाम धारण करते हैं। उन्हींसे अव्यक्तकी उत्पत्ति हुई है, जिसे विद्वान्‌ पुरुष प्रधानके नामसे भी जानते हैं

mahāpuruṣasaṃjñāṃ sa labhate svena karmaṇā | tasmāt prasūtam avyaktam pradhānaṃ taṃ vidur budhāḥ ||

സ്വകർമബലത്താൽ അവൻ ‘മഹാപുരുഷൻ’ എന്ന സംജ്ഞ പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു. അവനിൽ നിന്നാണ് അവ്യക്തം പ്രസവിക്കുന്നത്; ജ്ഞാനികൾ ആ അവ്യക്തത്തെയേ ‘പ്രധാന’ എന്നും അറിയുന്നു.

महापुरुषसंज्ञाम्the designation/name 'Mahāpuruṣa'
महापुरुषसंज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहापुरुषसंज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लभतेobtains/attains
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, Indicative, Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
स्वेनby his own
स्वेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby (his) action/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तस्मात्from him/therefrom
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रसूतम्produced/brought forth
प्रसूतम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootप्रसू
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest (Avyakta)
अव्यक्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रधानम्Pradhāna (primordial matter)
प्रधानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootप्रधान
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तम्that (it)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विदुःknow
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
बुधाःthe wise (people)
बुधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootबुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Mahāpuruṣa
A
Avyakta
P
Pradhāna

Educational Q&A

The verse links cosmological categories to moral causality: the status/designation “Mahāpuruṣa” is said to be attained through one’s own karma, and from that principle arises the Avyakta, which the wise also call Pradhāna—aligning epic teaching with Sāṃkhya-Yoga terminology.

Vaiśampāyana continues an explanatory discourse in Śānti Parva, shifting from narration to doctrinal exposition: he identifies a supreme principle termed Mahāpuruṣa and describes the emergence of the Unmanifest (Avyakta/Pradhāna) from it as part of a creation framework.