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Shloka 17

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

निर्णयं चापि छिद्रात्मा न तं॑ वक्ष्यति तत्त्वतः । सोपहासात्मतामेति यस्माच्चैवात्मवानपि

nirṇayaṃ cāpi chidra-ātmā na taṃ vakṣyati tattvataḥ | sopahāsa-ātmatām eti yasmāc caivātmavān api ||

ബോധത്തിൽ ദോഷമുള്ളവന്‍ ഗ്രന്ഥത്തിന്റെ യഥാർത്ഥ താത്പര്യം ഉറപ്പോടെ പറയാൻ കഴിയില്ല. ശാസ്ത്രജ്ഞാനത്തിന്റെ അടിത്തറയില്ലാതെ സംസാരിച്ചാൽ, അവൻ ധീരനും ആത്മസംയമനമുള്ളവനുമായിരുന്നാലും ജനങ്ങളുടെ പരിഹാസത്തിന് പാത്രമാകും—കാരണം അവന്റെ വാക്കുകൾ തത്ത്വത്തെ തെറ്റിപ്പോകുന്നു.

निर्णयम्decision; correct ascertainment
निर्णयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्णय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
छिद्रात्माone of flawed nature; a defective-minded person
छिद्रात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootछिद्रात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तम्that (it/him)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
वक्ष्यतिwill say; will state
वक्ष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्त्वतःin truth; correctly; as it really is
तत्त्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्त्वतस्
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपहासात्मताम्the state of being an object of ridicule
उपहासात्मताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपहासात्मता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
एतिgoes to; comes to; becomes
एति:
TypeVerb
Root
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यस्मात्from which; because of which
यस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आत्मवान्self-possessed; intelligent; strong-minded
आत्मवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven; though
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha

Educational Q&A

Without śāstric grounding and clear discernment, one cannot determine or express the true purport (nirṇaya) of a text; speaking anyway leads to error and public ridicule, even if the speaker is otherwise confident.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vasiṣṭha is advising about proper understanding and interpretation: he cautions that a person with defective insight cannot explain the truth of a doctrine and will be mocked if he speaks beyond his knowledge.