Shloka 27
जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः
Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry
अविद्या रागमोहौ च प्रमाद: स्तब्धता भयम्,यदि किसी प्रकार अविद्या, राग, मोह, प्रमाद, स्तब्धता, भय, दरिद्रता, दीनता, प्रमोह (मूर्च्छा), स्वप्न, निद्रा और आलस्य आदि दोष आ घेरते हों तो उन्हें तमोगुणके ही विविध रूप जाने
avidyā rāga-mohau ca pramādaḥ stabdhatā bhayam | yadi kasyāṁcit prakāreṇa avidyā rāga moha pramāda stabdhatā bhaya daridratā dīnatā pramohaḥ (mūrcchā) svapna nidrā ālasya-ādayo doṣā āgheratāṁ tarhi tān tamo-guṇasyaiva vividha-rūpān jānīyāt |
അവിദ്യ, രാഗവും മോഹവും, പ്രമാദം, സ്തബ്ധത, ഭയം—കൂടാതെ ദാരിദ്ര്യം, ദീനത, പ്രമോഹം (മൂർഛ), സ്വപ്നം, നിദ്ര, ആലസ്യം മുതലായവ—ഇവയെല്ലാം തമോഗുണത്തിന്റെ ലക്ഷണങ്ങളാണ്.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
These faults—ignorance, attachment, delusion, negligence, rigidity, fear, and related states like sleep and laziness—are to be understood as expressions of tamas. The remedy implied is to reduce tamas by cultivating awareness, discipline, and clarity.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Bhishma is teaching Yudhishthira to interpret certain mental and behavioral failings as manifestations of the tamasic quality, helping him classify and address them systematically.