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Shloka 21

श्रेयो-धर्मकर्मविचारः

Inquiry into Śreyas, Dharma, and Karma

पादौ तस्य महीं विद्धि मूर्धानं दिवमित्युत । बाहवस्तु दिशो दैत्य श्रोत्रमाकाशमेव च,'दैत्यराज! पृथ्वीको भगवान्‌ विष्णुके दोनों चरण समझो, स्वर्गलोकको मस्तक जानो, ये चारों दिशाएँ उनकी चार भुजाएँ हैं, आकाश कान है, तेजस्वी सूर्य उनका नेत्र है, मन चन्द्रमा है, बुद्धि (महत्तत्त्व) उनकी नित्य ज्ञानवृत्ति है और जल रसनेन्द्रिय है

pādau tasya mahīṃ viddhi mūrdhānaṃ divam ity uta | bāhavas tu diśo daitya śrotram ākāśam eva ca ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു— ഹേ ദൈത്യരാജാ! ഭൂമിയെ അവന്റെ ഇരുപാദങ്ങളായി അറിയുക; സ്വർഗ്ഗത്തെ അവന്റെ ശിരസ്സായി. ദിക്കുകൾ അവന്റെ ഭുജങ്ങൾ; ആകാശം തന്നെയാണ് അവന്റെ കർണം.

पादौtwo feet
पादौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
तस्यof him/that (of that one)
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
महींthe earth
महीं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you should know)
विद्धि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (जानने)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मूर्धानम्the head
मूर्धानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दिवम्heaven, the sky
दिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (दिव्)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उतand/also (emphatic)
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
बाहवःarms
बाहवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दिशःthe directions
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
दैत्यO Daitya (demon)
दैत्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
श्रोत्रम्the ear
श्रोत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आकाशम्the ether/space
आकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Daitya (addressed interlocutor)
V
Vishnu (implied as the cosmic Lord)
E
Earth (Mahī)
H
Heaven (Diva)
D
Directions (Diśaḥ)
S
Sky/Space (Ākāśa)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a vision of the Lord as the cosmic Person: earth, heaven, directions, and sky are His limbs and senses. Ethically, this cultivates humility and dharmic restraint—one should act with care and reverence, recognizing the world as sacred and pervaded by the Divine.

In Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs the listener (addressed here as “Daitya”) by describing Vishnu’s universal form through cosmic correspondences—identifying elements of the world with the Lord’s body—so the listener may grasp the all-pervading nature of the Supreme.