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Shloka 5

नारद–असित (देवल) संवादः — भूतप्रभवाप्यय, इन्द्रिय-गुण-विवेक, क्षेत्रज्ञ-तत्त्व

अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । कपिलस्य गोश्व॒ संवाद तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर

atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṁ purātanam | kapilasya gośva-saṁvādaṁ tan nibodha yudhiṣṭhira ||

ഇവിടെയും ഞാൻ ഒരു പുരാതന ഇതിഹാസത്തിന്റെ ഉദാഹരണം ഉദ്ധരിക്കുന്നു. യുധിഷ്ഠിരാ! കപിലനും പശുവും കുതിരയും തമ്മിലുള്ള സംവാദം ശ്രദ്ധയോടെ കേൾക്കുക।

अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
Formindeclinable (place/locative adverb)
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formindeclinable (particle)
उदाहरन्तिthey cite/they narrate (as an example)
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्+आ+हृ
Formpresent tense (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person plural
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इतिहासम्ancient tale/legend
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पुरातनम्ancient/old
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular (agreeing with इतिहासम्)
कपिलस्यof Kapila
कपिलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकपिल
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
गोcow
गो:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formfeminine, genitive, singular (in sense: 'of the cow')
अश्वhorse
अश्व:
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
Formmasculine, genitive, singular (in sense: 'of the horse')
संवादम्dialogue/conversation
संवादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंवाद
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
निबोधunderstand/learn (listen attentively)
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootनि+बुध्
Formimperative (loṭ), parasmaipada, 2nd person singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kapila
C
Cow (Go)
H
Horse (Aśva)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma signals that dharma is best clarified through time-tested exemplars: an ancient itihāsa is introduced so that Yudhiṣṭhira may grasp ethical principles through a concrete dialogue rather than abstract theory.

Bhīṣma, addressing Yudhiṣṭhira, announces that he will now relate an old illustrative story—specifically, a dialogue involving the sage Kapila and the cow and horse—and urges Yudhiṣṭhira to listen carefully.