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Shloka 34

Adhyāya 262: Śabda-brahman, Para-brahman, and the Ethics of Tyāga

Kapila–Syūmaraśmi Saṃvāda

ओषधीभिस्तथा ब्रह्मन्‌ यजेरंस्ते न तादृशा: । इति त्यागं पुरस्कृत्य तादृशं प्रब्रवीमि ते,ब्रह्मन! इसलिये वे योगसिद्ध पुरुष ओषधियों--अन्न आदिके द्वारा यज्ञ कर सकते हैं। जो पहले बताये अनुसार मूढ़ लोग हैं, वे उस तरहका यज्ञ नहीं कर सकते। कर्मफलका त्याग करनेवाले महात्माओंका ऐसा अद्भुत माहात्म्य है, इसलिये मैं त्यागकको आगे रखकर तुमसे ऐसी बात कह रहा हूँ

oṣadhībhis tathā brahman yajerāṁs te na tādṛśāḥ | iti tyāgaṁ puraskṛtya tādṛśaṁ prabravīmi te, brahman |

ഹേ ബ്രാഹ്മണാ! അതിനാൽ യോഗസിദ്ധന്മാർ ഔഷധികളാൽ—അന്നാദികളാൽ—യജ്ഞം ചെയ്യാൻ കഴിയും; എന്നാൽ മുമ്പ് പറഞ്ഞപോലെ മോഹിതർക്ക് അത്തരമൊരു യജ്ഞം ചെയ്യാൻ കഴിയില്ല. കർമഫലത്യാഗം ചെയ്യുന്ന മഹാത്മാക്കളുടെ അത്ഭുത മഹിമ കണ്ട്, ത്യാഗത്തെ മുൻനിർത്തി ഞാൻ നിന്നോട് ഇതു പറയുന്നു.

ओषधीभिःwith herbs/medicinal plants
ओषधीभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
ब्रह्मन्O Brahmin
ब्रह्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Vocative, Singular
यजेरन्they performed sacrifice / they would sacrifice
यजेरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormImperfect (Lan), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तादृशाःsuch (of that kind)
तादृशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
त्यागम्renunciation/abandonment
त्यागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरस्कृत्यhaving put in front; having made primary
पुरस्कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपुरस्-कृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
तादृशम्such (a thing/statement)
तादृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रब्रवीमिI declare/say
प्रब्रवीमि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ब्रू
FormPresent (Lat), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
ब्रह्मन्O Brahmin
ब्रह्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Vocative, Singular

चुलाधार उवाच

चुलाधार (Cūlādhāra)
ब्राह्मण (addressed as brahman)
ओषधि (herbs/food-offerings)
यज्ञ (yajña, sacrifice)
योगसिद्ध (yoga-accomplished persons, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

True sacrifice is grounded in tyāga—especially renunciation of the fruits of action. Those with yogic maturity can make even simple offerings (herbs/food) into a genuine yajña, whereas deluded people cannot, because the inner disposition is lacking.

Cūlādhāra addresses a brahmin interlocutor and contrasts spiritually accomplished persons with the deluded. He explains that the former can perform meaningful sacrifice through ordinary means like plant-based offerings, and he frames his instruction by putting renunciation at the center.