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Shloka 1

धर्मलक्षण-प्रश्नः (Marks and Sources of Dharma) | Chapter 251: Inquiry into the Definition of Dharma

ऑपन- मा बछ। -्स:ॉ् द्विपज्चाशर्दाधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: शरीरमें पञ्चभूतोंके कार्य और गुणोंकी पहचान व्यास उवाच दन्द्वानि मोक्षजिज्ञासुरर्थधर्मावनुछित: । वक्‍त्रा गुणवता शिष्य: श्राव्य: पूर्वमिदं महत्‌

vyāsa uvāca | śarīrād vipramuktaṃ hi sūkṣmabhūtaṃ śarīriṇam | karmabhiḥ paripaśyanti śāstroktaiḥ śāstravedinaḥ ||

വ്യാസൻ പറഞ്ഞു—മകനേ! അർത്ഥവും ധർമ്മവും അനുഷ്ഠിച്ച് സുഖദുഃഖാദി ദ്വന്ദ്വങ്ങളെ ധൈര്യത്തോടെ സഹിക്കുകയും മോക്ഷജിജ്ഞാസ പുലർത്തുകയും ചെയ്യുന്ന ശ്രദ്ധാവാൻ ശിഷ്യനെ, ഗുണവാനായ വക്താവ് ആദ്യം ഈ മഹത്തായ അധ്യാത്മശാസ്ത്രം ശ്രവണമാക്കണം।

शरीरात्from the body
शरीरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
विप्रमुक्तम्fully released (freed)
विप्रमुक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविप्रमुक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सूक्ष्मभूतम्having the nature of the subtle elements / subtle-elemental
सूक्ष्मभूतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्मभूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शरीरिणम्the embodied one
शरीरिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरीरिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कर्मभिःby means of actions (karmas)
कर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
परिपश्यन्तिthey perceive/see clearly
परिपश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
शास्त्रोक्तैःby those stated in the scriptures
शास्त्रोक्तैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशास्त्रोक्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
शास्त्रवेदिनःknowers of the scriptures
शास्त्रवेदिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्रवेदिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Ś
śarīra (body)
Ś
śarīrin/ātman (embodied self)
Ś
śāstra (scripture)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the true self (śarīrin/ātman) is subtle and distinct from the physical body, and that this distinction is realized by those trained in śāstra through scripturally prescribed disciplines (karmabhiḥ) that culminate in clear perception (paripaśyanti).

Vyāsa is instructing within the Mokṣadharma section of Śānti Parva, introducing a yogic-śāstric method of insight: learned practitioners, following śāstra-based practices, come to ‘see’ the embodied self as separate from bodily identity.