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Shloka 23

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

यथा मत्स्योडद्धिरन्य: स्यात्‌ सम्प्रयुक्तो तथैव तौ । मशकोदुम्बरौ वापि सम्प्रयुक्तो यथा सह

yathā matsyo ’bdhir anyaḥ syāt samprayukto tathaiva tau | maśakodumbarau vāpi samprayukto yathā saha ||

മത്സ്യവും സമുദ്രവും വ്യത്യസ്ത സ്വഭാവമുള്ളവയായിട്ടും സ്വാഭാവികബന്ധത്തിൽ ചേർന്നിരിക്കുന്നതുപോലെ—അവ രണ്ടും അങ്ങനെ തന്നേ. അല്ലെങ്കിൽ കൊതുകും ഉദുംബരവും (അത്തി/അത്തിപ്പഴം) ഒരുമിച്ചാൽ—എത്ര ഭിന്നമായാലും—ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടു നിലകൊള്ളുന്നതുപോലെ.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
मत्स्यःa fish
मत्स्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदधिःthe ocean
उदधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउदधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्यःdifferent, other
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सम्प्रयुक्तःjoined/associated
सम्प्रयुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मशकःa mosquito
मशकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदुम्बरौtwo udumbara (fig) trees
उदुम्बरौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउदुम्बर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सम्प्रयुक्तःjoined/associated
सम्प्रयुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-युज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सहtogether, with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
F
fish (matsya)
O
ocean/sea (abdhi/udadhि)
M
mosquito (maśaka)
U
udumbara (fig tree/fruit)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that association or linkage can exist even between fundamentally dissimilar beings; difference in nature does not prevent a real connection, whether by dependence, proximity, or circumstance.

Vyāsa illustrates a point through vivid comparisons—fish with the sea, and a mosquito with an udumbara—showing how ‘those two’ (previously mentioned in the discourse) are connected despite being unlike.