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Shloka 16

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

सर्वेषामेव भूतानां तमस्यपगते यथा । प्रकाशं भवते सर्व तथेदमुपधार्यताम्‌,जैसे अन्धकार दूर हो जानेपर सभी प्राणियोंके सामने प्रकाश छा जाता है, उसी प्रकार यह निश्चितरूपसे समझ लो कि अज्ञानका नाश होनेपर ही ज्ञानस्वरूप आत्माका साक्षात्कार होता है

sarveṣām eva bhūtānāṁ tamasy apagate yathā | prakāśaṁ bhavate sarvaṁ tathā idam upadhāryatām ||

വ്യാസൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഇരുട്ട് മാറിയാൽ എല്ലാ ജീവികളുടെയും മുമ്പിൽ വെളിച്ചം പരക്കുന്നതുപോലെ, ഇതും ഉറപ്പായി ഗ്രഹിക്കണം: അജ്ഞാനം നശിച്ചാൽ മാത്രമേ ജ്ഞാനസ്വഭാവമായ ആത്മാവിന്റെ നേരിട്ടുള്ള സാക്ഷാത്കാരം ഉണ്ടാകൂ.

सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
तमसिin darkness
तमसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अपगतेwhen (it has) gone away/ceased
अपगते:
TypeVerb
Rootअपगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Locative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
प्रकाशम्light/illumination
प्रकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भवतेarises/comes to be
भवते:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वम्all (around)/everything
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
उपधार्यताम्let it be understood/considered
उपधार्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-धृ
FormImperative (Lot), 3rd, Singular, Passive

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Knowledge of the Self is not produced as something new; it becomes evident when ignorance (tamas) is removed—like light appearing when darkness is dispelled.

In the didactic setting of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa instructs the listener using a simple analogy (darkness and light) to clarify the relation between ignorance, knowledge, and direct realization of the Self.