Shloka 16

स्‍्नातकानामिदं शास्त्र वाच्यं पुत्रानुशासनम्‌ । तदिदं नाप्रशान्ताय नादान्तायातपस्विने,बेटा! व्रतधारी स्नातकोंको ही तुम इस मोक्ष-शास्त्रका उपदेश करना। जिसका मन शान्त नहीं है, जिसकी इन्द्रियाँ वशमें नहीं हैं तथा जो तपस्वी नहीं है, उसे इस ज्ञानका उपदेश नहीं करना चाहिये गुणान्‌ नेनीयते बुद्धिर्बुद्धिरेवेन्द्रियाण्यपि । मनः:षष्ठानि सर्वाणि बुद्धयभावे कुतो गुणा:

vyāsa uvāca | snātakānām idaṃ śāstraṃ vācyaṃ putrānuśāsanam | tad idaṃ nāpraśāntāya nādāntāyātapasmine | guṇān nenīyate buddhir buddhir evendriyāṇy api | manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhāni sarvāṇi buddhy-abhāve kuto guṇāḥ ||

വ്യാസൻ പറഞ്ഞു—പുത്രാ! ഈ ശാസ്ത്രം, ഈ ഉപദേശം, വ്രതധാരികളായ സ്നാതകരോടേ പറയേണ്ടത്. മനസ് ശാന്തമല്ലാത്തവനും, ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങൾ അടക്കമില്ലാത്തവനും, തപസ്സിൽ നിഷ്ഠയില്ലാത്തവനും ഇതു ബോധിപ്പിക്കരുത്. കാരണം ഗുണങ്ങളിലേക്കു നയിക്കുന്നത് ബുദ്ധിയാകുന്നു; ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങളെ നിയന്ത്രിക്കുന്നതും ബുദ്ധിയാകുന്നു. മനസ്സുൾപ്പെടെ ആറ് കരണമെല്ലാം ബുദ്ധിയെ ആശ്രയിക്കുന്നു; ബുദ്ധിയില്ലെങ്കിൽ ഗുണങ്ങൾ എവിടെ നിന്ന് ഉദിക്കും?

स्नातकानाम्of the स्नातक-s (graduates/initiates)
स्नातकानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootस्नातक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शास्त्रम्treatise/teaching
शास्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाच्यम्to be taught/recited
वाच्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Passive sense, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अनुशासनम्instruction/admonition
अनुशासनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनुशासन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रशान्तायto one who is not calm
अप्रशान्ताय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रशान्त
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
nor/not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अदान्तायto one who is uncontrolled (in senses)
अदान्ताय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootअदान्त
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
अतपस्विनेto one who is not an ascetic
अतपस्विने:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootअतपस्विन्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
गुणान्qualities/virtues
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ईयतेis attained/comes to (one)
ईयते:
TypeVerb
Root
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/alone
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
इन्द्रियाणिthe senses
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
षष्ठानिas the sixth
षष्ठानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
बुद्ध्यभावेin the absence of intellect
बुद्ध्यभावे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्ध्यभाव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कुतःwhence/how (could there be)
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
गुणाःqualities/virtues
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
S
snātaka (disciplined graduate/householder-in-training)

Educational Q&A

Liberation-teaching should be given only to a qualified, disciplined recipient: one who is calm, self-restrained, and committed to tapas. Virtue and self-mastery depend on buddhi (discernment); without it, the mind and senses cannot be rightly governed, and ethical qualities do not take root.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vyāsa lays down a rule of transmission: this ‘instruction to a son’—a mokṣa-oriented doctrine—is to be taught selectively. He justifies this by explaining the inner hierarchy: buddhi guides virtues and regulates the senses; without discernment, the mental-sensory complex cannot sustain dharmic qualities.