Shloka 39

सदा हि वदतां धर्म सदा चाप्रतिगृह्नताम्‌ । अर्ध च रात्र्या: स्वपतां दिवा चास्वपतां तथा,सदा धर्मकी ही चर्चामें लगे रहते और प्रतिग्रहसे दूर रहते थे। रातके आधे भागमें ही सोते थे और दिनमें नहीं सोते थे

śakra uvāca | sadā hi vadatāṃ dharmaṃ sadā cāpratigṛhṇatām | ardhaṃ ca rātryāḥ svapatāṃ divā cāsvapatāṃ tathā ||

അവർ എപ്പോഴും ധർമ്മത്തെക്കുറിച്ചേ സംസാരിക്കുമായിരുന്നുള്ളൂ; പ്രതിഗ്രഹം (ഉപഹാരസ്വീകാരം) ദൃഢമായി ഒഴിവാക്കി. അവർ രാത്രിയുടെ പകുതി മാത്രമേ ഉറങ്ങുകയുള്ളൂ; പകൽ ഉറങ്ങുകയില്ല.

सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वदताम्of those who speak
वदताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter (contextual), Genitive, Plural
धर्मम्dharma/righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रतिगृह्णताम्of those who do not accept gifts (do not take प्रतिग्रह)
अप्रतिगृह्णताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअ-प्रति-ग्रह्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter (contextual), Genitive, Plural
अर्धम्half
अर्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रात्र्याःof the night
रात्र्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
स्वपताम्of those who sleep
स्वपताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter (contextual), Genitive, Plural
दिवाby day/in the daytime
दिवा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदिवा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्वपताम्of those who do not sleep
अस्वपताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअ-स्वप्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter (contextual), Genitive, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)

Educational Q&A

The verse praises a disciplined ethical life: constant reflection and discourse on dharma, strict avoidance of accepting gifts that could compromise integrity (apratigraha), and regulated sleep—habits that support clarity, restraint, and moral steadiness.

Indra (Śakra) describes the conduct of exemplary people, highlighting their daily practices—speaking on dharma, refusing acceptance of gifts, and maintaining austerity in sleep—as evidence of their righteousness and self-control.