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Shloka 19

योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः

Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction

शक्र उवाच का त्वं केन च कार्येण सम्प्राप्ता चारुहासिनि । कुतश्चागम्यते सुभ्रु गन्तव्यं क्व च ते शुभे,इन्द्र बोले--चारुहासिनि! तुम कौन हो? और किस कार्यसे यहाँ आयी हो? सुन्दर भौंहोंवाली देवि! तुम्हारा शुभागमन कहाँसे हुआ है? और शुभे! तुम्हें जाना कहाँ है?

śakra uvāca: kā tvaṁ kena ca kāryeṇa samprāptā cāru-hāsini | kutaś cāgamyate subhru gantavyaṁ kva ca te śubhe ||

ശക്രൻ (ഇന്ദ്രൻ) പറഞ്ഞു—ഓ മധുരഹാസിനീ! നീ ആരാണ്? ഏതു കാര്യമൂലം ഇവിടെ എത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നു? ഓ സുന്ദരഭ്രൂവതീ ദേവീ! എവിടെ നിന്നാണ് ഈ ശുഭാഗമനത്തോടെ വന്നത്? ഓ ശുഭേ! നിന്റെ ഗമ്യം എവിടെയാണ്?

शक्रःŚakra (Indra)
शक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
काwho (fem.)
का:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
केनby what / with what
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कार्येणwith what purpose / for what task
कार्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सम्प्राप्ताarrived / come
सम्प्राप्ता:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
चारुहासिनिO one with a lovely smile
चारुहासिनि:
TypeNoun
Rootचारुहासिनी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
कुतःfrom where
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आगम्यतेis one coming / has one come
आगम्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Impersonal usage
सुभ्रुO fair-browed one
सुभ्रु:
TypeNoun
Rootसुभ्रू
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
गन्तव्यम्to be gone to / to go (destination to be reached)
गन्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
क्वwhere
क्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेfor you / to you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormFeminine, Dative, Singular
शुभेO auspicious/beautiful one
शुभे:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)

Educational Q&A

The verse models dharmic inquiry: before acting, one should understand a visitor’s identity, purpose, origin, and destination—questions that support right response, protection, and appropriate hospitality.

Indra (Śakra) addresses a woman respectfully with epithets and asks who she is, why she has come, where she has come from, and where she intends to go—setting up the context for her explanation and the ensuing moral discussion.