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Shloka 20

दमप्रशंसा — Praise of Self-Restraint

Dama

इन्द्रियाणां रजस्येव प्रलयप्रभवावुभौ । परीक्ष्य संचरेद्‌ विद्वान्‌ यथावच्छास्त्रचक्षुषा

indriyāṇāṃ rajasy eva pralayaprabhavāv ubhau | parīkṣya saṃcared vidvān yathāvacchāstracakṣuṣā ||

ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങളിൽ പൊടി പതിയുന്നതുപോലെ, ദേഹധാരിയുടെ ജീവിതത്തിൽ പ്രളയവും പുനഃപ്രഭവവും—ഇരണ്ടും കൂടെയുണ്ട്. അതിനാൽ പണ്ഡിതൻ ശാസ്ത്രചക്ഷുസ്സാൽ നന്നായി പരിശോധിച്ച്, യഥോചിതമായ ആചരണത്തോടെ ലോകത്തിൽ സഞ്ചരിക്കണം.

इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
रजसिin dust / in impurity
रजसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
प्रलयdissolution, destruction
प्रलय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रलय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभवौthe two sources/origins
प्रभवौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
उभौboth (of them)
उभौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
परीक्ष्यhaving examined
परीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरीक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
संचरेत्should move about / should conduct oneself
संचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-चर्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विद्वान्a wise man
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अवत्properly, duly
अवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअवत्
शास्त्रby scripture / by treatise
शास्त्र:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चक्षुषाwith the eye
चक्षुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
I
indriyas (the senses)
Ś
śāstra (scriptural/authoritative teaching)

Educational Q&A

One should not act impulsively under the ‘dust’ of sense-driven confusion. Recognizing the cycles of decline and renewal in life, the wise examine situations and then act in a manner consistent with dharma, using śāstra as a guiding lens.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on righteous living after the war. Here he emphasizes disciplined conduct: careful examination (parīkṣā) and śāstra-informed judgment as the basis for ethical action amid the instability of worldly conditions.