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Shloka 15

Yoga, Nārāyaṇa as Supreme Principle, and the Emanation of Categories

Sāṅkhya-Yoga Outline

यथा चन्द्रो ह्मावास्यामलिड्त्वान्न दृश्यते | न च नाशो<स्य भवति तथा विद्धि शरीरिणम्‌

yathā candro ’māvāsyām ālīḍhatvān na dṛśyate | na ca nāśo ’sya bhavati tathā viddhi śarīriṇam ||

അമാവാസ്യാരാത്രിയിൽ ചന്ദ്രൻ പ്രകാശം മറഞ്ഞതുപോലെ കാണപ്പെടാതിരുന്നാലും അവൻ നശിക്കുന്നില്ല; അതുപോലെ ദേഹധാരിയായ ആത്മാവിനെ മനസ്സിലാക്കുക. അത് അദൃശ്യമാകുമ്പോഴും അതിന്റെ അസ്തിത്വം ഇല്ലാതാകുന്നില്ല.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
चन्द्रःthe moon
चन्द्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अमावास्याम्on the new-moon night
अमावास्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअमावास्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
लीढ्वाhaving been eclipsed/covered (lit. having been licked/overrun)
लीढ्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootलिह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage as gerund)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दृश्यतेis seen/appears
दृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Atmanepada (passive sense), Third, Singular
nor/not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नाशःdestruction/cessation
नाशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof it/of him (of the moon)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भवतिoccurs/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
विद्धिknow/understand
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
शरीरिणम्the embodied one (the self/soul as embodied)
शरीरिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरीरिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Moon (Candra)
N
New-moon night (Amavasya)
E
Embodied Self (śarīrin/ātman)

Educational Q&A

Non-appearance is not non-existence: the embodied Self is not annihilated when it is not perceptible, just as the moon is not destroyed when it is invisible on the new-moon night.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction, Bhishma teaches about the nature of the Self using a familiar cosmic example (the moon’s invisibility at amāvāsyā) to clarify that the soul’s reality does not depend on sensory visibility.