Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 8

प्रजापतयः देवगणाश्च दिशि-दिशि स्थिताः ऋषयः

Prajāpatis, Deva-Groups, and the Ṛṣis Assigned to the Directions

ऋषक््‌सामसंघांश्व यजूंषि चापि च्छन्दांसि नक्षत्रगतिं निरुक्तम्‌ | अधीत्य च व्याकरणं सकल्पं शिक्षां च भूतप्रकृतिं न वेझि,मैंने ऋक्‌, साम और यजुर्वेदका तथा छन्‍्दका अर्थात्‌ अथर्ववेदका एवं नक्षत्रोंकी गति, निरुक्त, व्याकरण, कल्प और शिक्षाका भी अध्ययन किया है तो भी मैं आकाश आदि पाँचों महाभूतोंके उपादान कारणको न जान सका

ṛk-sāma-saṁghānś ca yajūṁṣi cāpi chandāṁsi nakṣatra-gatiṁ niruktam | adhītya ca vyākaraṇaṁ sa-kalpaṁ śikṣāṁ ca bhūta-prakṛtiṁ na vetsi ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഞാൻ ഋക്‌, സാമ, യജുർവേദങ്ങളുടെ സംഹിതാസമൂഹങ്ങൾ, ഛന്ദസ് (വേദഛന്ദസ്/അഥർവ പരമ്പര), നക്ഷത്രങ്ങളുടെ ഗതി, നിരുക്തം, വ്യാകരണം, കൂടാതെ കല്പവും ശിക്ഷയും പഠിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്; എങ്കിലും ആകാശാദി മഹാഭൂതങ്ങളുടെ ഉപാദാനകാരണമാകുന്ന ഭൂതപ്രകൃതിയെ ഞാൻ അറിയാൻ കഴിഞ്ഞില്ല.

ऋक्Rig-vedic verses (Ṛk)
ऋक्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
सामSāma chants
साम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
संघान्collections/compilations
संघान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंघ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यजूंषिYajus formulas (Yajurveda)
यजूंषि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयजुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
छन्दांसिmeters / (by extension) Atharva-veda
छन्दांसि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootछन्दस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
नक्षत्रof the stars/constellations
नक्षत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
गतिम्motion/course
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
निरुक्तम्Nirukta (etymology/exegesis)
निरुक्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिरुक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अधीत्यhaving studied
अधीत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्याकरणम्grammar
व्याकरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्याकरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सकल्पम्together with Kalpa (ritual science)
सकल्पम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस-कल्प
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शिक्षाम्phonetics/Śikṣā
शिक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिक्षा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भूतof the elements/beings
भूत:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रकृतिम्nature/primary cause (material nature)
प्रकृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेद्मिI know
वेद्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma highlights that mastery of sacred texts and auxiliary sciences (Vedas, Vedāṅgas, astronomy) does not automatically yield realization of ultimate reality; true wisdom requires insight into the fundamental cause and nature of the elements, not merely accumulated learning.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction-setting, Bhishma speaks as a teacher reflecting on the scope and limits of his own extensive education, using his confession of not knowing the ‘bhūta-prakṛti’ to steer the discussion toward deeper metaphysical understanding beyond ritual and linguistic expertise.