Shloka 70

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

Devanagari script

यतो धर्मस्ततः सत्य॑ सर्व सत्येन वर्धते । किमर्थमनृतं कर्म कर्तु राज॑स्त्वमिच्छसि,जहाँ धर्म है वहाँ सत्य है। सत्यसे ही सबकी वृद्धि होती है। राजन! आप क्‍यों असत्यपूर्ण बर्ताव करना चाहते हैं?

Transliteration

yato dharmas tato satyaṁ sarvaṁ satyena vardhate | kim artham anṛtaṁ karma kartuṁ rājas tvam icchasi ||

Translation

ധർമ്മം എവിടെയുണ്ടോ അവിടെയുണ്ട് സത്യം; സത്യത്താൽ തന്നെയാണ് എല്ലാം വളരുന്നത്. രാജാവേ, അസത്യത്തെ ആധാരമാക്കിയ കര്‍മ്മം ചെയ്യാൻ നീ എന്തിന് ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നു?

Word by Word

• यतः: where/from where
• यतः: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यतस्
• Form: indeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from/where')

• धर्मः: dharma, righteousness
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• ततः: there/then; from that (place/point)
• ततः: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: indeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'there/from there')

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• सर्वम्: all (everything)
• सर्वम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• सत्येन: by/through truth
• सत्येन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• वर्धते: grows, prospers, increases
• वर्धते: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध्
• Form: present tense (laṭ), 3rd person, singular; ātmanepada

• किम्: why/what (for what reason)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम्
• Form: indeclinable interrogative (used adverbially)

• अर्थम्: purpose, reason
• अर्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• अनृतम्: untrue, false
• अनृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनृत
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• कर्म: act, deed
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• कर्तुम्: to do, to perform
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: tumun (infinitive): 'to do'

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: masculine (common), nominative, singular

• इच्छसि: you desire, you wish
• इच्छसि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: present tense (laṭ), 2nd person, singular; parasmaipada

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्राह्मण (speaker)
• राजा/राजन् (addressed king)