Shloka 13

प्रीत्या शोक: प्रभवति वियोगात्‌ तस्य देहिनः । यदा निरर्थकं वेत्ति तदा सद्यः प्रणश्यति,जिसपर प्रेम हो, उस प्राणीके वियोगसे शोक प्रकट होता है। परंतु जब मनुष्य यह समझ ले कि शोक व्यर्थ है--उससे कोई लाभ नहीं है तो तुरंत ही उस शोककी शान्ति हो जाती है

prītyā śokaḥ prabhavati viyogāt tasya dehinaḥ | yadā nirarthakaṃ vetti tadā sadyaḥ praṇaśyati ||

സ്നേഹമുള്ള ദേഹിയോട് വേർപാട് സംഭവിക്കുമ്പോൾ ശോകം ഉദ്ഭവിക്കുന്നു; എന്നാൽ ശോകം നിർഥകമാണ്—അതിൽ യാതൊരു ലാഭവും ഇല്ല—എന്ന് മനുഷ്യൻ അറിയുമ്പോൾ, ആ ശോകം ഉടൻ തന്നെ നശിക്കുന്നു.

प्रीत्याby/through affection
प्रीत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
शोकःgrief
शोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभवतिarises, comes into being
प्रभवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (प्र +)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वियोगात्from separation
वियोगात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवियोग
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तस्यof that (person)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
देहिनःof the embodied being
देहिनः:
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
निरर्थकम्meaningless, futile
निरर्थकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरर्थक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेत्तिknows, understands
वेत्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः
प्रणश्यतिperishes, disappears
प्रणश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (प्र +)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Grief is born from affectionate attachment and separation; it subsides when one clearly recognizes its futility and lack of constructive outcome, cultivating discernment and steadiness of mind.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on right conduct and inner discipline, Bhīṣma teaches the listener that sorrow is a psychological effect of attachment to embodied beings and can be overcome through understanding and reflection.