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Shloka 813

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

जीवतो ये न पश्यन्ति तेषां धर्मविपर्यय: । जो लोग जीवित माता-पिता, सुहृदों और भाई-बन्धुओंकी देखभाल नहीं करते हैं, उनके धर्मकी हानि होती है

jīvato ye na paśyanti teṣāṃ dharmaviparyayaḥ |

ജംബൂകൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ജീവിച്ചിരിക്കുന്ന മാതാപിതാക്കളെയും സുഹൃത്തുകളെയും സഹോദരന്മാരെയും ബന്ധുക്കളെയും നോക്കിക്കാണാത്തവർക്കു ധർമ്മവിപര്യയം സംഭവിക്കുന്നു; അവരുടെ ധാർമ്മികക്രമം തകർന്നുപോകുന്നു.

जीवतःof the living (persons)
जीवतः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्यन्तिsee / look after
पश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
धर्म-विपर्ययःreversal/ruin of dharma
धर्म-विपर्ययः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविपर्यय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

जम्बुक उवाच

J
Jambuka
M
mother (mātā)
F
father (pitā)
W
well-wishers/friends (suhṛd)
B
brothers and kinsmen (bhrātṛ-bandhu)

Educational Q&A

Neglecting one’s living parents and close relations is presented as a direct inversion of dharma. The verse frames care for elders and dependents as a foundational ethical duty; abandoning it undermines one’s righteousness and social-moral stability.

In the didactic setting of the Śānti Parva, Jambuka delivers a moral instruction: he condemns those who do not ‘see’—i.e., do not attend to and support—their living parents and close kin, declaring that such neglect results in dharma’s reversal for them.