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Shloka 63

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

प्रज्ञाविज्ञानयुक्तेन बुद्धिसंज्ञाप्रदायिना । वचन श्राविता नून॑ मानुषा: संनिवर्तत । शोको द्विगुणतां याति दृष्टवा स्मृत्वा च चेष्टितम्‌,मनुष्यो! मैं बुद्धि और विज्ञानसे युक्त तथा दूसरोंको भी ज्ञान प्रदान करनेवाला हूँ। मैंने तुम्हें विवेक उत्पन्न करनेवाली बहुत-सी बातें सुनायी हैं। अब तुमलोग लौट जाओ। अपने मरे हुए स्वजनका शव देखकर तथा उसकी चेष्टाओंको स्मरण करके दूना शोक होता है

jambuka uvāca | prajñāvijñānayuktena buddhisaṃjñāpradāyinā | vacanaṃ śrāvitā nūnaṃ mānuṣāḥ saṃnivartata | śoko dviguṇatāṃ yāti dṛṣṭvā smṛtvā ca ceṣṭitam |

ജംബുകൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഞാൻ പ്രജ്ഞയും വിജ്ഞാനവും ഉള്ളവൻ; മറ്റുള്ളവർക്ക് ബോധം നൽകാനും കഴിവുള്ളവൻ. വിവേകം ഉണർത്തുന്ന പല വാക്കുകളും ഞാൻ നിങ്ങളെ കേൾപ്പിച്ചു; ഇനി, മനുഷ്യരേ, മടങ്ങിപ്പോകുവിൻ. കാരണം മരിച്ച ബന്ധുവിന്റെ ശവം കണ്ടും അവന്റെ മുൻചേഷ്ടകൾ ഓർത്തും ശോകം ഇരട്ടിയാകുന്നു.

प्रज्ञा-विज्ञान-युक्तेनwith (one) endowed with wisdom and knowledge
प्रज्ञा-विज्ञान-युक्तेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रज्ञा + विज्ञान + युक्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
बुद्धि-संज्ञा-प्रदायिनाby (one) who bestows the notion/understanding called ‘buddhi’ (i.e., gives discernment)
बुद्धि-संज्ञा-प्रदायिना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धि + संज्ञा + प्रदायिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वचनम्speech; words
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्राविताःhave been made to hear; have been instructed
श्राविताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रावित (causative past passive participle of √श्रु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नूनम्surely; indeed; now
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
मानुषाःmen; humans
मानुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संनिवर्ततreturn; turn back
संनिवर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + नि + √वृत्
FormImperative, Second, Plural
शोकःgrief
शोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्वि-गुणताम्to a twofold state; to double (measure)
द्वि-गुणताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वि + गुणता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यातिgoes; becomes
याति:
TypeVerb
Root√या
FormPresent, Third, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
स्मृत्वाhaving remembered
स्मृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√स्मृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चेष्टितम्conduct; actions; movements (of the deceased)
चेष्टितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचेष्टित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

जम्बुक उवाच

J
Jambuka
H
humans (mānuṣāḥ)
C
corpse/body of a deceased relative (implied)

Educational Q&A

Grief intensifies through repeated sensory contact and mental replay: seeing the dead body and remembering the person’s past conduct makes sorrow grow. Therefore one should withdraw from stimuli that inflame lamentation and cultivate discriminative understanding (buddhi/prajñā) to steady the mind.

Jambuka addresses people who are mourning. After giving them instruction intended to awaken discernment, he urges them to return/withdraw, warning that remaining near the corpse and repeatedly recalling the deceased will only double their grief.