Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 17

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

निश्चितार्थाश्च ते सर्वे संत्यजन्त: स्वमात्मजम्‌ । निराशा जीविते तस्य मार्गमावृत्य धिष्ठिता:,जब उन्हें यह निश्चित हो गया कि अब यह नहीं जी सकेगा, तो उसके जीवनसे निराश हो वे सब लोग अपने बच्चेको छोड़कर जानेके लिये रास्तेपर आकर खड़े हुए

niścitārthāś ca te sarve saṃtyajantaḥ svam ātmajam | nirāśā jīvite tasya mārgam āvṛtya dhiṣṭhitāḥ ||

അവൻ ഇനി ജീവിക്കില്ലെന്ന് അവർ ഉറപ്പിച്ചപ്പോൾ, അവന്റെ ജീവനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള പ്രത്യാശ വിട്ട്, സ്വന്തം കുഞ്ഞിനെ പോലും ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച്, വഴിയെ തടഞ്ഞ്, തങ്ങളുടെ തീരുമാനത്തിൽ ദൃഢമായി അവർ നിലകൊണ്ടു।

निश्चितार्थाःhaving a fixed/ascertained purpose
निश्चितार्थाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्चितार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सन्त्यजन्तःabandoning, leaving behind
सन्त्यजन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Parasmaipada (active), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वम्one's own
स्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मजम्son/child
आत्मजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निराशाःhopeless, despairing
निराशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जीवितेin (his) life / regarding survival
जीविते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
मार्गम्path, road
मार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आवृत्यhaving covered/blocked
आवृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (धातु) उपसर्ग: आ-
Formक्त्वा (ल्यप्) अव्यय, Active (sense)
अधिष्ठिताःstood stationed, took position
अधिष्ठिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) उपसर्ग: अधि-
Formक्त (भूतकृदन्त), Passive (sense), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
a child/son (ātmaja)
R
road/path (mārga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how certainty of loss can turn into despair that erodes compassion and duty. Ethically, it warns against letting hopelessness justify abandoning one’s responsibility toward the vulnerable, and shows how fear-driven resolve can lead to harmful collective action.

The people become convinced that a certain person (referred to as ‘he’) will not live. Losing hope, they abandon their own child and position themselves on the road, blocking it—standing firmly as if committed to a decisive, possibly harsh, course of action.