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Shloka 1

अबुद्धिपूर्वकपापविमोचनप्रश्नः — Janamejaya’s Unintended Transgression and the Indrota Rebuke

अपने-आप बछ। अंक पजञज्चचत्वारिशर्दाधिकशततमो< ध्याय: कबूतरीका कबूतरसे शरणागत व्याधकी सेवाके लिये प्रार्थना भीष्म उवाच एवं विलपतस्तस्य श्रुत्वा तु करुणं वच: । गृहीता शकुनिघ्नेन कपोती वाक्यमत्रवीत्‌,भीष्मजी कहते हैं--युधिष्ठिर! इस तरह विलाप करते हुए कबूतरका वह करुणायुक्त वचन सुनकर बहेलियेके कैदमें पड़ी हुई कबूतरीने कहा

bhīṣma uvāca | evaṁ vilapatas tasya śrutvā tu karuṇaṁ vacaḥ | gṛhītā śakunighnena kapotī vākyam abravīt |

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—യുധിഷ്ഠിരാ! ഇങ്ങനെ വിലപിച്ചുകൊണ്ടിരുന്ന അവന്റെ കരുണാഭരിതമായ വാക്കുകൾ കേട്ട്, പക്ഷിഹന്തകനായ വേട്ടക്കാരന്റെ പിടിയിൽപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന കപോതി ഇപ്രകാരം പറഞ്ഞു।

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
विलपतस्of (him) lamenting
विलपतस्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविलप्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (gerund), Parasmaipada
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
करुणम्piteous, compassionate
करुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकरुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गृहीताseized, captured
गृहीता:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPast passive participle, Feminine, Nominative, Singular
शकुनिघ्नेनby the bird-slayer (hunter)
शकुनिघ्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनिघ्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कपोतीthe female pigeon
कपोती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकपोती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वाक्यम्a statement, words
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
S
she-pigeon (kapotī)
B
bird-slayer/hunter (śakunighna)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical exemplum: compassion and dharma are tested precisely in moments of suffering and captivity. By foregrounding the hunter’s act and the she-pigeon’s response, the narrative prepares to explore duties toward the vulnerable and the moral weight of seeking/receiving refuge (śaraṇāgati).

Bhishma narrates to Yudhishthira: after someone laments in distress, the she-pigeon—captured by a hunter—hears those sorrowful words and begins to speak, setting up her plea/argument within the pigeon-upākhyāna.