Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 27

कपोत-लुब्धकसंवादः — Hunter’s Remorse and Renunciatory Resolve

यस्त्ववध्यवधे दोष: स वध्यस्यावधे स्मृत: । सा चैव खलूु मर्यादा यामयं परिवर्जयेत्‌

yas tv avadhya-vadhe doṣaḥ sa vadhyasyāvadhau smṛtaḥ | sā caiva khalu maryādā yām ayaṃ parivarjayet ||

വധിക്കരുതാത്തവനെ വധിക്കുന്നതിൽ ഏതു ദോഷമോ, വധിക്കേണ്ടവനെ വധിക്കാതിരിക്കുന്നതിലും അതേ ദോഷം തന്നെയെന്ന് സ്മൃതികൾ പറയുന്നു. അതാണ് അകർതവ്യത്തിന്റെ പരിധി; എന്നാൽ കര്‍ത്തവ്യം നിർവഹിക്കുന്ന ക്ഷത്രിയരാജാവ് ആ പരിധി ഉപേക്ഷിക്കേണ്ടതാണ്.

यःwho/that which
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अवध्य-वधेin the killing of one who should not be killed
अवध्य-वधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअवध्य + वध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दोषःfault/sin
दोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat (same)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वध्यस्यof one who is to be slain / liable to be killed
वध्यस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अवधेin non-killing / in not slaying
अवधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअवध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्मृतःis declared/remembered (as)
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु) → स्मृत (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
साthat (same) (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
खलुsurely/indeed
खलु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootखलु
मर्यादाboundary/limit (rule of conduct)
मर्यादा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्यादा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
याwhich (that)
या:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिवर्जयेत्should avoid/should abandon
परिवर्जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वर्ज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches a symmetry of moral responsibility: killing the protected (avadhya) is blameworthy, but so is sparing the punishable (vadhya) when justice requires action. For a Kshatriya ruler, restraint has limits; failing to punish can be as ethically culpable as wrongful violence.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and dharma, Bhishma advises the king (Yudhishthira in the broader dialogue) about the proper use of royal force and punishment. He frames the king’s duty as maintaining order: avoiding unjust killing while also not neglecting necessary punishment.