Shloka 1

अपन का बछ। ] अतडणऑफा<ज एकोनचत्वारिशर्दाधिकशततमो< ध्याय: शत्रुसे सदा सावधान रहनेके विषयमें राजा ब्रद्म॒दत्त और पूजनी चिड़ियाका संवाद युधिछिर उवाच उक्तो मन्त्रो महाबाहों विश्वासो नास्ति शत्रुषु । कथं हि राजा वर्तेत यदि सर्वत्र नाश्वसेत्‌

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | ukto mantro mahābāho viśvāso nāsti śatruṣu | kathaṃ hi rājā varteta yadi sarvatra nāśvaset ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ മഹാബാഹോ! ‘ശത്രുക്കളിൽ വിശ്വാസം വെക്കരുത്’ എന്ന ഉപദേശം പറഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്നു. എന്നാൽ രാജാവിന് എവിടെയും ആശ്വാസത്തോടെ നിൽക്കാൻ കഴിയില്ലെങ്കിൽ, അവൻ എങ്ങനെ ഭരണകാര്യത്തിൽ പെരുമാറണം?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
उक्तःspoken, stated
उक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मन्त्रःcounsel, advice
मन्त्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विश्वासःtrust, confidence
विश्वासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis, exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
शत्रुषुin/among enemies
शत्रुषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
राजाa king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्तेतshould act, should conduct himself
वर्तेत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
सर्वत्रeverywhere
सर्वत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वत्र
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्वसेत्should feel secure/trust
आश्वसेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्वस्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, आ

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ś
śatru (enemies)
R
rājā (king)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a rājadharma dilemma: political prudence warns against trusting enemies, yet a ruler must still function effectively. It introduces the need for balanced vigilance—governance requires caution without paralysis.

Yudhiṣṭhira responds to prior advice about never trusting enemies and asks how a king can practically rule if he must remain wary in every place and circumstance, setting up further instruction through exempla and dialogue.