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Shloka 5

Gautama–Yama Saṃvāda: Mātṛ-Pitṛ-Ṛṇa (Debt to Parents) and Śubha-Loka Attainment

केन भद्र सुखार्थेन सम्प्राप्तोडसि तपोवनम्‌ । पदातिर्बद्धनिस्त्रिंशो धन्‍वी बाणी नरेश्वर,“कल्याणस्वरूप नरेश्वर! किस सुखके लिये आप इस तपोवनमें तलवार बाँधे धनुष और बाण लिये पैदल ही चले आये हैं?

kena bhadra-sukhārthena samprāpto ’si tapovanam | padātir baddha-nistriṁśo dhanvī bāṇī nareśvara ||

ഹേ കല്യാണസ്വരൂപനായ നരേശ്വരാ! ഏതു ശുഭസുഖത്തിനോ ഏതു പ്രയോജനത്തിനോ വേണ്ടി നിങ്ങൾ ഈ തപോവനത്തിലേക്ക് കാൽനടയായി, വാൾ കെട്ടി, ധനുസ്സും ബാണങ്ങളും ധരിച്ചു വന്നിരിക്കുന്നു?

केनby what? / with what?
केन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
भद्रO noble one / O good sir
भद्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभद्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सुखार्थेनfor the sake of happiness
सुखार्थेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुखार्थ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सम्प्राप्तःhaving arrived / come
सम्प्राप्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप् (सम्प्राप्)
FormPast (perfective participle), Singular, Masculine, Nominative
असिyou are
असि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormPresent, Second, Singular
तपोवनम्to the penance-grove / hermitage-forest
तपोवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपोवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पदातिःa foot-soldier / on foot
पदातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बद्धbound / fastened
बद्ध:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootबन्ध्
FormPast (PPP), Singular, Masculine, Nominative
निस्त्रिंशःsword
निस्त्रिंशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिस्त्रिंश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धन्वीbowman / one with a bow
धन्वी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधन्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाणीone with arrows / arrow-bearing
बाणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाणिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
N
nareśvara (a king, unnamed here)
T
tapovana (forest of austerities)
N
nistriṁśa (sword)
D
dhanus (bow)
B
bāṇa (arrows)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical inquiry: a king enters a hermitage-forest armed, and Bhishma asks what ‘good’ or ‘welfare’ he seeks. It highlights that power and weapons should be guided by a clear, righteous purpose—especially in spaces dedicated to austerity and restraint.

Bhishma addresses a king who has arrived at a forest hermitage on foot, carrying sword, bow, and arrows. Bhishma questions the motive for this armed arrival, setting up a discussion about intention, conduct, and dharma in relation to ascetic spaces.