Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 56

Daṇḍotpatti-kathana (Origin and Function of Daṇḍa) — वसुहोम–मान्धातृ संवाद

यश्च दण्ड: स दृष्टो नो व्यवहार: सनातन: । व्यवहारश्न दृष्टो यः: स वेद इति निश्चितम्‌,जो दण्ड है, वही हमारी दृष्टिमें सनातन व्यवहार है। जो व्यवहार देखा गया है, वही वेद है, यह निश्चितरूपसे कहा जा सकता है

yaś ca daṇḍaḥ sa dṛṣṭo no vyavahāraḥ sanātanaḥ | vyavahāraś ca dṛṣṭo yaḥ sa veda iti niścitam ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ദണ്ഡം എന്നു പറയുന്നതുതന്നെ ഞങ്ങളുടെ ദൃഷ്ടിയിൽ സനാതനമായ വ്യവഹാരത്തിന്റെ (ക്രമത്തിന്റെ) അടിസ്ഥാനം. ലോകത്തിൽ പ്രത്യക്ഷമായി നിലനിൽക്കുന്ന വ്യവഹാരമേ വേദം എന്നു ഉറപ്പായി നിശ്ചയിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു.

यःwhich/that (who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दण्डःpunishment; rod; coercive power
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat/he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्टःseen; observed
दृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नःof us/our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormFirst, Genitive, Plural
व्यवहारःpractice; legal procedure; customary conduct
व्यवहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सनातनःeternal; ancient; perennial
सनातनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यवहारःpractice; customary conduct
व्यवहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दृष्टःseen; observed
दृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwhich/that (who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat/he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदःVeda; sacred authority
वेदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus; as (quotation marker)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चितम्is निश्चित/ascertained; determined
निश्चितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + चि
Formक्त (past passive participle, used predicatively), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma links social order to daṇḍa (the regulating power of punishment/authority) and asserts that long-established, observable practice (vyavahāra/dṛṣṭa) functions as an authoritative guide to dharma—so much so that it may be treated as ‘Veda’ in determining norms.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and governance, Bhishma is teaching Yudhiṣṭhira about the foundations of rule and justice, emphasizing that effective authority and recognized customary/legal practice sustain society and guide decision-making.