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Shloka 6

Śānti Parva 116: Criteria for Royal Servants and Administrative Competence (भृत्य-गुण-प्रश्नः / राजसेवक-लक्षणम्)

यो हासत्प्रग्रहरति: स्नेहरागबलात्कृत: । इन्द्रियाणामनीशत्वादसज्जनबु भूषक:

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: yo hāsatpragraharatiḥ sneharāgabalāt kṛtaḥ | indriyāṇām anīśatvād asajjanabubhūṣakaḥ ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അയോഗ്യമായ വസ്തുക്കൾ ശേഖരിക്കുന്നതിൽ ആസക്തനായി, സ്നേഹവും രാഗവും എന്ന ബലത്തിൽ നീങ്ങുകയും, ഇന്ദ്രിയങ്ങളെ നിയന്ത്രിക്കാനാകാത്തതിനാൽ സജ്ജനനാകാൻ പോലും ആഗ്രഹിക്കാതിരിക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്ന രാജാവിന്റെ അടുക്കൽ, ഉത്തമകുലജന്മമുള്ള ഭൃത്യന്മാരും വിരുദ്ധഗുണങ്ങളിലേക്കു വഴുതിപ്പോകുന്നു.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (निपात)
असत्of unreal/bad (things)
असत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रग्रहःgrasping/accumulation
प्रग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रतिःattachment/delight
रतिः:
TypeNoun
Rootरति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्नेहby affection
स्नेह:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्नेह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रागby passion/attachment
राग:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
बलात्by force/compulsion
बलात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
कृतःmade/caused (to be)
कृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses
इन्द्रियाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अनीशत्वात्due to lack of control
अनीशत्वात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनीशत्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
असज्जनnot a good man/ungentlemanly
असज्जन:
TypeAdjective
Rootअसज्जन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुभूषकःwishing to become (a good man)
बुभूषकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबुभूषक (भू धातु, desiderative-based noun/adjective)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
king (rājā)
S
servants/attendants (sevaka)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s lack of self-control and attachment to unworthy acquisitions corrupts the moral quality of his household and administration; therefore, mastery of the senses and aspiration toward goodness are essential for effective and prosperous governance.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates a principle of political ethics: when a king is driven by craving and cannot restrain his senses, even well-born servants become perverted in conduct, and the king loses the practical benefits of maintaining a competent, loyal retinue.