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Shloka 4

Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances

स त्वायुषि परिक्षीणे जगामानीप्सितां गतिम्‌ । गोमायुत्वं च सम्प्रातो दूषित: पूर्वकर्मणा,धीरे-धीरे उसकी आयु समाप्त हो गयी और वह ऐसी गतिको प्राप्त हुआ, जो किसी भी प्राणीको अभीष्ट नहीं है। वह अपने पूर्वकर्मसे दूषित होकर दूसरे जन्ममें गीदड़ हो गया

sa tv āyuṣi parikṣīṇe jagāmānīpsitāṃ gatim | gomāyutvaṃ ca samprāpto dūṣitaḥ pūrvakarmaṇā ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അവന്റെ ആയുസ്സ് ക്ഷയിച്ചപ്പോൾ, യാതൊരു ജീവിക്കും ഇഷ്ടമല്ലാത്ത ദുർഗതിയിലേക്കു അവൻ പോയി. മുൻകർമ്മങ്ങളാൽ മലിനനായി അടുത്ത ജന്മത്തിൽ അവൻ കുറുക്കനായി ജനിച്ചു.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
आयुषिin (his) lifespan
आयुषि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
परिक्षीणेwhen (it was) exhausted
परिक्षीणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-क्षी (क्षी)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जगामwent/attained
जगाम:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनिप्सिताम्undesired
अनिप्सिताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिप्सित
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्state/destination
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गोमायुत्वम्jackal-hood; the state of being a jackal
गोमायुत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोमायु + त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सम्प्राप्तःhaving attained
सम्प्राप्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप् (आप्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दूषितःtainted/defiled
दूषितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदूष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वकर्मणाby former deeds
पूर्वकर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्वकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
J
jackal (gomāyu)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores karmic causality: when life ends, one’s next state is shaped by prior deeds. Unethical actions can lead to an undesirable destiny, even a degraded rebirth, illustrating that moral conduct (dharma) safeguards one’s future course.

Bhīṣma describes the end of a certain person’s life: as his lifespan runs out, he departs to an unwanted fate. Because he is stained by previous actions, he is reborn as a jackal, serving as a cautionary example within Bhīṣma’s instruction.