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Shloka 17

भীমेन युधिष्ठिरस्य त्यागवृत्तेः प्रतिषेधः

Bhīma’s Rebuttal of Yudhiṣṭhira’s Renunciatory Inclination

आपत्काले हि संन्यास: कर्तव्य इति शिष्यते । जरयाभिपरीतेन शत्रुभिव्यसितेन वा

āpatkāle hi saṃnyāsaḥ kartavya iti śiṣyate | jarayābhiparītena śatrubhir vyasitena vā ||

ഭീമൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ശാസ്ത്രോപദേശം ഇങ്ങനെയാണ്: ആപത്തുകാലത്ത് സന്ന്യാസം സ്വീകരിക്കണം; അതുപോലെ ജരയാൽ ജീർണ്ണനായവനും, ശത്രുക്കൾ ധനസമ്പത്ത് കവർന്ന് വഞ്ചിച്ചവനും സന്ന്യാസം സ്വീകരിക്കുന്നത് ഉചിതമാണ്.

आपत्कालेin time of calamity
आपत्काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआपत्काल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
संन्यासःrenunciation
संन्यासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंन्यास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्तव्यःto be done/should be undertaken
कर्तव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
शिष्यतेis taught/is prescribed
शिष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootशास्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
जरयाby old age
जरया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजरा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अभिपरीतेनovercome/afflicted
अभिपरीतेन:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिपरीत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शत्रुभिःby enemies
शत्रुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
व्यसितेनdistressed/ruined
व्यसितेन:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यसित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा

भीम उवाच

B
Bhīma
Ś
śāstra (scriptural teaching)
E
enemies (śatravaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Renunciation (saṃnyāsa) is presented as a legitimate and even prescribed course when one is struck by severe adversity—such as crisis, debilitating old age, or being dispossessed by enemies—so that one turns from futile worldly struggle toward a dharma-centered, inwardly disciplined life.

Within the Śānti Parva’s broader instruction on dharma and right conduct, Bhīma voices a śāstric guideline: when circumstances make ordinary worldly responsibilities impossible or meaningless—through calamity, senescence, or loss of livelihood—one may adopt the renunciant path.