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Shloka 22

Baka Dālbhya at Avakīrṇa-tīrtha: Rāṣṭra-kṣaya and Release through Prasāda (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 40)

ते तु तद्बलमासाद्य बभज्जुः सर्वतोदिशम्‌ । तच्छुत्वा दिद्वुतं सैन्यं विश्वामित्रस्तु गाधिज:

te tu tadbalam āsādya babhajjuḥ sarvato diśam | tac chrutvā didrutaṃ sainyaṃ viśvāmitras tu gādhijaḥ ||

അവർ ആ സൈന്യത്തെ നേരിട്ട് എല്ലാ ദിക്കുകളിലേക്കും തകർത്തു ചിതറിച്ചു. സൈന്യം പെട്ടെന്ന് ഭീതിയിൽ ഓടിപ്പോയെന്നു കേട്ട ഗാധിപുത്രനായ വിശ്വാമിത്രൻ (തക്കവിധം) പ്രതികരിച്ചു.

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypeNoun/Pronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Pronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving reached/approached
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
बभज्जुःthey broke/shattered
बभज्जुः:
TypeVerb
Root√भञ्ज्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सर्वतःfrom all sides
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
दिशम्direction/quarter
दिशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तत्that (event/act)
तत्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Pronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
दिद्रुतम्fleeing/running in confusion
दिद्रुतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदिद्रुत (from √द्रु, intensive/reduplicated adjectival form)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विश्वामित्रःViśvāmitra
विश्वामित्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootविश्वामित्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
गाधिजःGādhija (son/descendant of Gādhi; i.e., Viśvāmitra)
गाधिजः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper/Patronymic)
Rootगाधिज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशग्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
V
Viśvāmitra
G
Gādhi
S
sainyam (army)
B
balam (force)

Educational Q&A

Military power depends on cohesion and morale; when discipline breaks, even a strong force collapses. The verse implicitly stresses the ethical responsibility of leaders to maintain steadiness and order, since panic spreads faster than courage.

A force is met and then broken apart on all sides, causing the army to scatter in sudden flight. On hearing of this rout, Viśvāmitra (identified by his patronymic ‘son of Gādhi’) is introduced as reacting to the news, marking a narrative shift to his role.