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Shloka 45

अध्याय ४ — दुर्योधनस्य असंधि-निश्चयः

Duryodhana’s Refusal of Reconciliation

न जानीते हि य: श्रेय: श्रेयसश्चावमन्यते । सक्षिप्रं भ्रश्यते राज्यान्न च श्रेयोडनुविन्दते,“जो राजा अपनी भलाईकी बात नहीं समझता और श्रेष्ठ पुरुषोंका अपमान करता है, वह शीघ्र ही राज्यसे भ्रष्ट हो जाता है। उसे कभी कल्याणकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती

na jānīte hi yaḥ śreyaḥ śreyasaś cāvamanyate | sa kṣipraṃ bhraśyate rājyān na ca śreyo 'nuvindate ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു— “സ്വന്തം ശ്രേയസ് എന്തെന്നു തിരിച്ചറിയാത്തതും, ശ്രേയസ്സിന്റെ പ്രതീകമായ സജ്ജനരെ അവമാനിക്കുന്നതുമായ രാജാവ് വേഗത്തിൽ രാജ്യം നഷ്ടപ്പെടുന്നു; സ്ഥിരമായ മംഗളവും അവന് ലഭിക്കുകയില്ല.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जानीतेknows/understands
जानीते:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormLat, Atmanepada, 3, singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
श्रेयःthe good; welfare; what is beneficial
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
श्रेयसःfrom the good; from welfare
श्रेयसः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
Formneuter, ablative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवमन्यतेdisrespects; despises
अवमन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√मन्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 3, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
क्षिप्रम्quickly; soon
क्षिप्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
भ्रश्यतेfalls; is ruined; is deprived
भ्रश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रंश्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 3, singular
राज्यात्from the kingdom; from sovereignty
राज्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
Formneuter, ablative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्रेयःwelfare; the good
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अनुविन्दतेobtains; finds; attains
अनुविन्दते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√विद्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 3, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
rājā (the king)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s stability depends on recognizing śreyas (true welfare) and honoring the virtuous; contempt for what is genuinely good leads to rapid political collapse and blocks lasting well-being.

Sañjaya offers a moral observation within the war narrative, warning that a king who ignores beneficial guidance and insults superior, righteous persons soon loses his kingdom and fails to attain auspicious outcomes.